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Grand Cru (great growth) is the highest level in the vineyard classification of Burgundy.There are a total of 550 hectares (1,400 acres) of Grand Cru vineyards—approximately 2% of Burgundy's 28,000 hectares (69,000 acres) of vineyards (excluding Beaujolais)—of which 356 hectares (880 acres) produce red wine and 194 hectares (480 acres) produce white wine.
Grand Cru wines are produced by a small number of the best vineyard sites in the Côte d'Or region, as strictly defined by the AOC laws. These Cru wines make up 2% of the production at 35 hl/ha, and are generally produced in a style meant for cellaring, and typically need to be aged a minimum of five to seven years.
The Côte de Nuits covers fourteen communes. Six produce grand cru wines, in the central district between Gevrey-Chambertin and Nuits-Saint-Georges, with four lesser villages either side. The Grand Crus of the Côte de Nuits are some of the smallest appellations in France, less than a hectare in the case of La Romanée. [1] [2]
The term Saint-Émilion grand cru refers to wineries or wines below the overall Grand cru classé level, and is integrated within the appellation rules. For Burgundy wine, the term is applied to classified vineyards, with Premier cru being the second highest classification level, below that of grand cru and above the basic village AOCs.
A village-level Burgundy wine from Gevrey-Chambertin. In 2008, 409.65 hectares (1,012.3 acres) of vineyard surface was in production for Gevrey-Chambertin at village and Premier Cru level, making it the largest village-named appellation of the Côte de Nuits, and the second largest of the Côte d'Or, just behind Beaune AOC.
These Grand Cru vineyards include Burgundy's most iconic, sought-after and expensive red wines, with Romanée-Conti of Domaine de la Romanée-Conti at the pinnacle: "There can be little doubt that in the firmament of the Cote de nuits, Vosne-Romanée is the brightest star." [1]
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