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English: Concept of LIGO: A schematic diagram of a laser interferometer with light storage arms. Македонски: Шема на ласерскиот интеферометар LIGO за забележување на гравитациски бранови .
Interferometry typically uses electromagnetic waves and is an important investigative technique in the fields of astronomy, fiber optics, engineering metrology, optical metrology, oceanography, seismology, spectroscopy (and its applications to chemistry), quantum mechanics, nuclear and particle physics, plasma physics, biomolecular interactions ...
The principle of using a polarizing Michelson Interferometer as a narrow band filter was first described by Evans [25] who developed a birefringent photometer where the incoming light is split into two orthogonally polarized components by a polarizing beam splitter, sandwiched between two halves of a Michelson cube.
Set-up of a self-mixing interferometer with laser diode and monitor photodiode. Self-mixing or back-injection laser interferometry is an interferometric technique in which a part of the light reflected by a vibrating target is reflected into the laser cavity, causing a modulation both in amplitude and in frequency of the emitted optical beam.
Electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI), [1] also known as TV holography, is a technique that uses laser light, together with video detection, recording and processing, to visualise static and dynamic displacements of components with optically rough surfaces. The visualisation is in the form of fringes on the image, where each fringe ...
Fizeau interferometers are commonly used for measuring the shape of an optical surface: Typically, a fabricated lens or mirror is compared to a reference piece having the desired shape. In Fig. 1, the Fizeau interferometer is shown as it might be set up to test an optical flat. A precisely figured reference flat is placed on top of the flat ...
Bath interferometers can be used to test telescope mirrors of any size. A Common path interferometer has the test and reference beams traveling over effectively the same path which has the advantage that you can use an inexpensive semiconducting laser pointer with low coherence versus other interferometers which need a high coherence laser ...
A laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) is a scientific instrument that is used to make non-contact vibration measurements of a surface. The laser beam from the LDV is directed at the surface of interest, and the vibration amplitude and frequency are extracted from the Doppler shift of the reflected laser beam frequency due to the motion of the surface.