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  2. Publication bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publication_bias

    Publication bias can be contained through better-powered studies, enhanced research standards, and careful consideration of true and non-true relationships. [46] Better-powered studies refer to large studies that deliver definitive results or test major concepts and lead to low-bias meta-analysis.

  3. Reporting bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reporting_bias

    The publication or nonpublication of research findings, depend on the nature and direction of the results. Although medical writers have acknowledged the problem of reporting biases for over a century, [12] it was not until the second half of the 20th century that researchers began to investigate the sources and size of the problem of reporting biases.

  4. Replication crisis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replication_crisis

    In popular media, there is another element of publication bias: the desire to make research accessible to the public led to oversimplification and exaggeration of findings, creating unrealistic expectations and amplifying the impact of non-replications. In contrast, null results and failures to replicate tend to go unreported.

  5. Conflicts of interest in academic publishing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflicts_of_interest_in...

    Some research ethics boards, [65] universities, [61] and national laws [66] prohibit gag clauses. Gag clauses may not be legally enforceable if compliance would cause sufficient public harm. [61] Non-publication has been found to be more common in industry-funded trials, contributing to publication bias. [65]

  6. Funnel plot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funnel_plot

    An asymmetric funnel indicates a relationship between treatment effect estimate and study precision. This suggests the possibility of either publication bias or a systematic difference between studies of higher and lower precision (typically ‘small study effects’). Asymmetry can also arise from use of an inappropriate effect measure.

  7. Funding bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funding_bias

    Funding bias, also known as sponsorship bias, funding outcome bias, funding publication bias, and funding effect, is a tendency of a scientific study to support the interests of the study's financial sponsor. This phenomenon is recognized sufficiently that researchers undertake studies to examine bias in past published studies.

  8. Academic publishing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_publishing

    Along with the variation in review and publication procedures, the kinds of publications that are accepted as contributions to knowledge or research differ greatly among fields and subfields. In the sciences, the desire for statistically significant results leads to publication bias. [1]

  9. Bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bias

    Publication bias is a type of bias with regard to what academic research is likely to be published because of a tendency among researchers and journal editors to prefer some outcomes rather than others (e.g., results showing a significant finding), which leads to a problematic bias in the published literature. [139]