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In Australia, T. vulpis was the most common nematode in adult dogs, with a prevalence of 41%. [11] In red foxes, the frequency of infestation is 0.5%. [17] [18] The disease-causing effect of T. vulpis is moderate. Infected dogs show diarrhea that is bloody, in less severe cases interspersed with mucus.
Paratrichodorus minor is a species of nematode in the family Trichodoridae, the stubby-root nematodes. [1] It occurs in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. [1] It damages plants by feeding on the roots and it is a vector of plant viruses. It is a pest of some agricultural crops. [1]
About 90% of nematodes reside in the top 15 cm (6") of soil. Nematodes do not decompose organic matter, but, instead, are parasitic and free-living organisms that feed on living material. Nematodes can effectively regulate bacterial population and community composition—they may eat up to 5,000 bacteria per minute.
Trichodoridae (stubby-root nematodes, trichodorids) is a family of terrestrial root feeding nematodes, being one of two that constitute suborder Triplonchida. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] They are economically important plant parasites and virus vectors.
Paratylenchus hamatus, the fig pin nematode, is a species of migratory plant endoparasites, that causes lesions on plant roots resulting in symptoms of chlorosis, wilting and ultimately yield losses. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] They move and feed on different parts of host tissue throughout their life cycle in order to find enough susceptible host tissue to ...
If entomopathogenic nematodes suppress the population of insect root herbivores, they indirectly benefit plants by freeing them from grazing pressure. This is an example of a trophic cascade in which consumers at the top of the food web (nematodes) exert an influence on the abundance of resources (plants) at the bottom.
Herbivores are believed to have evolved to evade detection on the part of the nematodes, whereas the plants have evolved to release highly attractive chemical signals. A high degree of specificity is involved; species that make up these tritrophic interactions have evolved with one another over a long period of time and as a result have close ...
Herbivory is of extreme ecological importance and prevalence among insects.Perhaps one third (or 500,000) of all described species are herbivores. [4] Herbivorous insects are by far the most important animal pollinators, and constitute significant prey items for predatory animals, as well as acting as major parasites and predators of plants; parasitic species often induce the formation of galls.