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Bunkering is the supplying of fuel for use by ships (such fuel is referred to as bunker), [1] including the logistics of loading and distributing the fuel among available shipboard tanks. [2] A person dealing in trade of bunker (fuel) is called a bunker trader. The term bunkering originated in the days of steamships, when coal was stored in ...
In energy statistics, marine bunkers and aviation bunkers [1] as defined by the International Energy Agency are the energy consumption of ships and aircraft. Marine and aviation bunkers are reported separately from international bunkers , which represent consumption of ships and aircraft on international routes.
Bunkers are rarely labeled this way in modern maritime practice. Since the 1980s the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been the accepted standard for marine fuels (bunkers). The standard is listed under number 8217, with recent updates in 2010 and 2017. The latest edition of bunker fuel specification is ISO 8217: 2017.
Also known as bunker fuel, or residual fuel oil, HFO is the result or remnant from the distillation and cracking process of petroleum. For this reason, HFO contains several different compounds that include aromatics , sulfur , and nitrogen , making emissions upon combustion more polluting compared to other fuel oils. [ 1 ]
bunker A container for storing coal or fuel oil for a ship's engine. bunker fuel. Also bunkers. Fuel oil for a ship. bunt 1. Middle cloths of a square sail. [35] 2. Centre of a furled square sail. [35] bunt-gasket Canvas apron used to fasten the bunt of a square sail to the yard when furled. [35] bunting tosser A signalman who prepares and ...
U.S. Marine in a fighting hole outside Beirut during the 1958 Lebanon crisis. A defensive fighting position is a type of earthwork constructed in a military context, generally large enough to accommodate anything from one soldier to a fire team (or similar sized unit).
The global bunker market is projected to grow to $36 billion by 2030. Zerb Mellish for BI At the end of an unnamed private road in Red River County, on a brisk fall day in 2019, Texas fire ...
A bunker is a defensive military fortification designed to protect people and valued materials from falling bombs, artillery, or other attacks.