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Measuring the combustion temperature of coke in the blast furnace using an optical pyrometer, Fixed Nitrogen Research Laboratory, 1930. Salt bath furnaces operate at temperatures up to 1300 °C and are used for heat treatment. At very high working temperatures with intense heat transfer between the molten salt and the steel being treated ...
In electrical engineering, a limit switch is a switch operated by the motion of a machine part or the presence of an object. A limit switch can be used for controlling machinery as part of a control system , as a safety interlock , or as a counter enumerating objects passing a point.
Analog multimeter Digital multimeter. A multimeter (also known as a volt-ohm-milliammeter, volt-ohmmeter or VOM) [1] is a measuring instrument that can measure multiple electrical properties. [2] [3] A typical multimeter can measure voltage, resistance, and current, [4] in which case can be used as a voltmeter, ohmmeter, and ammeter.
Typical hipot equipment leakage current trip limit settings range between 0.1 and 20 mA [3] and are set by the user according to test object characteristics and rate of voltage application. The objective is to choose a current setting that will not cause the tester to falsely trip during voltage application, while at the same time, selecting a ...
They help the operator to position the table or carriage precisely. Stops can also be used to actuate kickout mechanisms or limit switches to halt an automatic feed system. Ball micrometers have ball-shaped anvils. They may have one flat and one ball anvil, in which case they are used for measuring tube wall thickness, distance of a hole to an ...
In electrical engineering, an electrical isolation test is a direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC) resistance test that is performed on sub-systems of an electronic system to verify that a specified level of isolation resistance is met. Isolation testing may also be conducted between one or more electrical circuits of the same ...
An illustration of furnace bellows operated by waterwheels from the Nong Shu, by Wang Zhen in 1313 during China's Yuan dynasty A Chinese fining and blast furnace in Tiangong Kaiwu, 1637 Cast iron has been found in China dating to the 5th century BC, but the earliest extant blast furnaces in China date to the 1st century AD and in the West from ...
Hand-held refractometer. A refractometer is a laboratory or field device for the measurement of an index of refraction (refractometry).The index of refraction is calculated from the observed refraction angle using Snell's law.