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"Blue lava" as seen at night on Kawah Ijen, in Indonesia. Blue lava, also known as (Indonesian: Api Biru), [1] and simply referred to as blue fire or sulfur fire, is a phenomenon that occurs when sulfur burns. It is an electric-blue flame that has the illusory appearance of lava.
The massive explosive eruption was hundreds of times more powerful than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima. A volcanic eruption could just be a simple outpouring of material onto the surface of a planet, but they usually involve a complex mixture of solids, liquids and gases which behave in equally complex ways. [3]
Past eruptions reveal multiple mudflows. Lahars typically occur during volcanic eruptions but also can be caused by landslides and earthquakes. Geologists have found evidence that at least 11 ...
Vulcanian eruptions display several common characteristics. The mass of rock ejected during the eruption is usually between 10 2 and 10 6 tonnes [1] and contains a high proportion of non-juvenile material (> 50%). During active periods of volcanic activity, intervals between explosions vary from less than 1 minute (e.g. Anak Krakatoa) to about ...
Other parts of the country have more powerful volcanoes. In 2010, ash clouds from eruptions at Eyafjallajokull in the south of Iceland spread over large parts of Europe, grounding some 100,000 ...
The volcanic rock pushing through the geologic layers on the way towards the surface would push the land around it up and volcanic intrusion into the local geology would likely devastate the ...
The mechanics of a Peléan eruption are very similar to that of a Vulcanian eruption, except that in Peléan eruptions the volcano's structure is able to withstand more pressure, hence the eruption occurs as one large explosion rather than several smaller ones. [34] Volcanoes known to have Peléan activity include: Mount Pelée, Martinique.
Ultra-Plinian eruptions are the largest of all volcanic eruptions are more intense, have a higher eruption rate than Plinian ones, form higher eruption columns and may form large calderas. These eruptions produce rhyolitic lava, tephra, pumice and thick pyroclastic flows that cover vast areas and may produce widespread ash-fall deposits.