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Lake Chad (Arabic: بحيرة تشاد, Kanuri: Sádǝ, French: Lac Tchad) is an endorheic freshwater lake located at the junction of four countries: Nigeria, Niger, Chad, and Cameroon, in western and central Africa respectively, with a catchment area in excess of 1,000,000 km 2 (390,000 sq mi). It is an important wetland ecosystem in West ...
This is a retouched picture, which means that it has been digitally altered from its original version.Modifications: Added Lake Chad water reduction levels and areas.The original can be viewed here: Blank Map-Africa.svg: .
The Lake Chad Basin Commission was established in 1964 by Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Nigeria, the four countries that contain parts of Lake Chad. [10] [14] About 20% of the basin, lying in these countries, is termed the Conventional Basin. The Lake Chad Basin Commission manages use of water and other natural resources in this area. [9]
The region borders Kanem Region to the north and east, Hadjer-Lamis Region and Cameroon to the south, Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the northwest.. The region is dominated geographically by Lake Chad, a seasonally fluctuating lake of major importance in this part of Africa. [3]
This short boundary consists of a single straight line connecting Chad and Nigeria's tripoints with Niger and Cameroon. [2] The entire boundary formerly lay entirely in Lake Chad, however given the dramatic decrease in the lake's size over the past several decades most of the boundary now run across land, swamp and intermittent exposed islands in the lake.
The Ennedi Plateau and the Ouaddaï highlands in the east complete the image of a gradually sloping basin, which descends towards Lake Chad. There are also central highlands in the Guera region rising to 1,500 m (4,921 ft). Lake Chad is the second largest lake in west Africa [4] and is one of the most important wetlands on the continent. [5]
A widely accepted theory is that the Sao were indigenous inhabitants of the Lake Chad basin and that their ultimate origins lie south of the lake. [7] Recent archaeological research indicates that the Sao civilization developed indigenously from earlier cultures in the region (such as the Gajiganna culture, which began at around 1,800 BCE and began to build fortified towns by about 800 BCE ...
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