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This version describes the phylactery in similar terms to the 3e version, but without describing it as being wearable. A ritual is given which allows players to become liches. It also outlines the lich vestige, a weakened, ghostly lich that cannot re-form. [23] The lich also appears as a template in the Dungeon Masters Guide (2008). [24]
Phaeohyphomycosis is a diverse group of fungal infections, [6] caused by dematiaceous fungi whose morphologic characteristics in tissue include hyphae, yeast-like cells, or a combination of these. [7] It can be associated with an array of melanistic filamentous fungi including Alternaria species, [8] Exophiala jeanselmei, [9] and Rhinocladiella ...
A lich's most often depicted distinguishing feature from other undead in fantasy fiction is the method of achieving immortality; liches give up their souls to form "soul-artifacts" (called a "soul gem" or "phylactery" in other fantasy works), the source of their magic and immortality. Many liches take precautions to hide and/or safeguard one or ...
Most antifungal drugs induce fungal cell death by destroying the cell wall of the fungus. These drugs inhibit the production of ergosterol, which is a fundamental component of the fungal cell membrane and wall. Antifungal drugs are generally classified according to their chemical structures and their corresponding mechanism of actions.
Malassezia pachydermatis is a bottle-shaped, [2] non-lipid dependent lipophilic yeast in the genus Malassezia. [5] Colonies are cream or yellowish in colour, smooth to wrinkled and convex with a margin possessing a slightly lobed appearance. [5] [8] Cells are ovoidal in shape and range in size from 3.0–6.5 x 2.5 μm. [5]
A clamp connection is a hook-like structure formed by growing hyphal cells of certain fungi. It is a characteristic feature of basidiomycete fungi. It is created to ensure that each cell , or segment of hypha separated by septa (cross walls), receives a set of differing nuclei , which are obtained through mating of hyphae of differing sexual types.
For example, the hyphae of some mycoparasitic fungi form specialized contact cells resembling haustoria on the hyphae of their hosts; others may coil around the hyphae of their host fungus or penetrate then grow inside host hyphae. [15] Nectrophic mycoparasites may kill host hyphae with toxins or enzymes before invading them. [3]
Mannan, a component of the fungal cell wall, can also suppress immune responses, although the mechanism of action remains unknown. [11] Trichophyton rubrum infection has been associated with the induction of an id reaction in which an infection in one part of the body induces an immune response in the form of a sterile rash at a remote site. [7]