Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Differences in plant disease resistance are often incremental or quantitative rather than qualitative. The term quantitative resistance (QR) refers to plant disease resistance that is controlled by multiple genes and multiple molecular mechanisms that each have small or minor effects on the overall resistance trait. [42]
Resistance genes (R-Genes) are genes in plant genomes that convey plant disease resistance against pathogens by producing R proteins. The main class of R-genes consist of a nucleotide binding domain (NB) and a leucine rich repeat (LRR) domain(s) and are often referred to as (NB-LRR) R-genes or NLRs. [ 1 ]
The genes that are involved in the plant-pathogen interactions tend to evolve at a very rapid rate. [5] Mechanism of plant NLR protein activation after pathogen invasion. Very often, the resistance mediated by R genes is due to them inducing HR, which leads to apoptosis. Most plant R genes encode NOD-like receptor (NLR) proteins. [6]
Gene-for-gene relationships are a widespread and very important aspect of plant disease resistance. Another example can be seen with Lactuca serriola versus Bremia lactucae . Clayton Oscar Person [ 6 ] was the first scientist to study plant pathosystem ratios rather than genetics ratios in host-parasite systems.
It can arise from genetic or environmental factors, such as incomplete penetrance. [2] Disease tolerance is different as it is the ability of a host to limit the impact of disease on host health. In crops this includes plant disease resistance and can follow a gene-for-gene relationship.
[3] Many forms of stimulus have been found to induce the plant to the virus, bacteria and fungi and other disease resistance including mechanical factors (dry ice damage, electromagnetic, ultraviolet, and low temperature and high temperature treatment, etc.), chemical factors (heavy metal salts, water, salicylic acid), and biological factors ...
'Major genes' that are responsible for economically important characteristics are frequent in the plant kingdom. Such characteristics include disease resistance, male sterility, [12] self-incompatibility, and others related to shape, color, and architecture of whole plants and are often of mono- or oligogenic in nature. The marker loci that are ...
In genetics, the term horizontal resistance was first used by J. E. Vanderplank [1] to describe many-gene resistance, which is sometimes also called generalized resistance. [2] This contrasts with the term vertical resistance which was used to describe single-gene resistance. Raoul A. Robinson [3] further refined the definition of horizontal ...