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Copper(II) chloride is used as a catalyst in a variety of processes that produce chlorine by oxychlorination. The Deacon process takes place at about 400 to 450 °C in the presence of a copper chloride: [8] 4 HCl + O 2 → 2 Cl 2 + 2 H 2 O. Copper(II) chloride catalyzes the chlorination in the production of vinyl chloride and dichloromethane. [8]
The model is defined in terms of a list of those complex species which are present in solutions in significant amounts. In the present context the complex species have the general formula [M p O q (OH) r] n±. where p, q and r define the stoichiometry of the species and n± gives the electrical charge of the ion. The experimental data are ...
A metal ion in aqueous solution or aqua ion is a cation, dissolved in water, of chemical formula [M(H 2 O) n] z+.The solvation number, n, determined by a variety of experimental methods is 4 for Li + and Be 2+ and 6 for most elements in periods 3 and 4 of the periodic table.
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from Latin: cuprum) and the atomic number of 29. It is easily recognisable, due to its distinct red-orange color . Copper also has a range of different organic and inorganic salts , having varying oxidation states ranging from (0,I) to (III).
The exact relationship depends on the nature of the reactions at the two electrodes. For the electrolysis of aqueous copper(II) sulfate (CuSO 4) as an example, with Cu 2+ (aq) and SO 2− 4 (aq) ions, the cathode reaction is the reduction Cu 2+ (aq) + 2 e − → Cu(s) and the anode reaction is the corresponding oxidation of Cu to Cu 2+.
Structure of an octahedral metal aquo complex. Chromium(II) ion in aqueous solution. Most aquo complexes are mono-nuclear, with the general formula [M(H 2 O) 6] n+, with n = 2 or 3; they have an octahedral structure. The water molecules function as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the metal ion and forming a dative covalent bond ...
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
The main use of copper(I) chloride is as a precursor to the fungicide copper oxychloride. For this purpose aqueous copper(I) chloride is generated by comproportionation and then air-oxidized: [12] Cu + CuCl 2 → 2 CuCl 4 CuCl + O 2 + 2 H 2 O → Cu 3 Cl 2 (OH) 4 + CuCl 2. Copper(I) chloride catalyzes a variety of organic reactions, as