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2. Orchid - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchid

   A Phalaenopsis flower. Orchids are easily distinguished from other plants, as they share some very evident derived characteristics or synapomorphies.Among these are: bilateral symmetry of the flower (zygomorphism), many resupinate flowers, a nearly always highly modified petal (labellum), fused stamens and carpels, and extremely small seeds.

3. Pollination of orchids - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollination_of_orchids

   Orchids often achieve this by resembling species that do offer rewards and that cohabit in the same environment. [35] Feeding deception commonly manifests as a general resemblance to rewarding species, with orchids featuring large, brightly colored flowers that exploit pollinators' innate preferences for such floral characteristics. [29] [34] [36]

4. Taxonomy of the Orchidaceae - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy_of_the_Orchidaceae

   The flowers are monandrous in the subfamilies Vanilloideae, Orchidoideae, and Epidendroideae. Like many others before him, Dressler believed that the monandrous orchids form a monophyletic group. It is now known that monandry arose twice in the orchids, once in Vanilloideae, and again in the common ancestor of

5. Phalaenopsis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalaenopsis

   Phalaenopsis (/ ˌ f æ l ɪ ˈ n ɒ p s ɪ s /), also known as moth orchids, [2] is a genus of about seventy species of plants in the family Orchidaceae.Orchids in this genus are monopodial epiphytes or lithophytes with long, coarse roots, short, leafy stems and long-lasting, flat flowers arranged in a flowering stem that often branches near the end.

6. Orchidoideae - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchidoideae

   The subfamily Orchidoideae and the previously recognized subfamily Spiranthoideae are considered the closest allies in the natural group of the monandrous orchids because of several generally shared characters: a shared terrestrial habit; sectile (capable of being severed) or granular pollinia; erect anthers.

7. Orchis mascula - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchis_mascula

   This orchid is devoid of nectar and attracts pollinating insects (bees and wasps of the genera Apis, Bombus, Eucera, Andrena, Psithyrus and Xylocopa, and sometimes beetles) with the appearance of its flower which mimics other species. Orchids in the genus Orchis form mycorrhizal partnerships mainly with fungi in the family Tulasnellaceae. [3]