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Edwin "Ed" Tewksbury was born in 1858 in San Francisco, California and was the second son of former miner James D. Tewksbury and his Native American wife. The family was composed of sons John, Jim, Ed and Frank and one daughter and owned a great number of horses and cattle as they started out their ranching business. [4]
An infamous range war in Pleasant Valley, Arizona, lasting from 1882–1892 had its origins in a feud between the Tewksbury and Graham families. The feud began in 1882 with a dispute involving the Tewksbury and Graham families and prominent cattleman James Stinson, who accused both families of rustling cattle from his ranch.
There were other sheep wars in Arizona, besides the Graham-Tewksbury feud. In 1884, near the San Francisco Mountain , angry cattlemen rounded up over 100 wild horses, strapped cowbells to their necks, rawhide to their tails, and then drove them into a series of sheep herds numbering more than 25,000, yelling and firing guns in the process.
They were feuding with the Tewksbury family, who had herds of sheep by 1885 but had originally also been cattle ranchers. The Tewksbury family was part Indian, and historians have thought that racial prejudice was also part of the feuding. Though the feud occasionally spilled over into his county, Owens seems to have remained neutral. [1] [3]
A range war, also known as range conflict or cattle war, is a type of usually violent conflict, most commonly in the 19th and early 20th centuries in the American West. The subject of these conflicts was control of " open range ", or range land freely used for cattle grazing, or as sheep pasture , which gave these conflicts its name.
This places it in the latter half of the Pleasant Valley War (1882–1892), a family feud between the Tewksbury and Graham clans, which also involved vigilante ranchers, cowboys, sheepmen, gunmen, lawmen, and innocent civilians, and that ultimately killed scores of people over a 10-year span.
At 5.30am, as farmers climbed aboard an NFU bus in Cirencester, Alex Ross joined them in the biggest battle for the industry in years
In the 1880s, a long range war broke out in Gila County that became the most costly feud in American history, resulting in an almost complete annihilation of the families involved. The Pleasant Valley War (also sometimes called the Tonto Basin Feud or Tonto Basin War ) matched the cattle-herding Grahams against the sheep-herding Tewksburys.