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A disaccharide (also called a double sugar or biose) [1] is the sugar formed when two monosaccharides are joined by glycosidic linkage. [2] Like monosaccharides, disaccharides are simple sugars soluble in water.
Compound sugars, also called disaccharides or double sugars, are molecules made of two bonded monosaccharides; common examples are sucrose (glucose + fructose), lactose (glucose + galactose), and maltose (two molecules of glucose). White sugar is a refined form of sucrose. In the body, compound sugars are hydrolysed into simple sugars.
Disaccharidases are glycoside hydrolases, enzymes that break down certain types of sugars called disaccharides into simpler sugars called monosaccharides.In the human body, disaccharidases are made mostly in an area of the small intestine's wall called the brush border, making them members of the group of "brush border enzymes".
Maltose [1] – a disaccharide formed from two units of glucose joined with an α(1→4) bond, formed from a condensation reaction; Maltodextrin, maltol [1] – a white powder or concentrated liquid made from corn starch, potato starch, or rice starch. Although it is sugar polymer, it does not taste sweet. Mannose [2] [1] Maple sugar – around ...
Sucrose, a disaccharide, is a sugar composed of glucose and fructose subunits. It is produced naturally in plants and is the main constituent of white sugar. It has the molecular formula C 12 H 22 O 11. For human consumption, sucrose is extracted and refined from either sugarcane or sugar beet.
Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides, or two single simple sugars, form a bond with removal of water. They can be hydrolyzed to yield their saccharin building blocks by boiling with dilute acid or reacting them with appropriate enzymes. [ 6 ]
A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water) and thus with the empirical formula C m (H 2 O) n (where m may or may not be different from n), which does not mean the H has covalent bonds with O (for example with CH 2 O, H has a covalent bond with C but not with O).
Lactose, or milk sugar, is a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose and has the molecular formula C 12 H 22 O 11.Lactose makes up around 2–8% of milk (by mass). The name comes from lact (gen. lactis), the Latin word for milk, plus the suffix -ose used to name sugars.