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A few, such as the Olmec, Maya, Mixtec, and Nahua had their own written records. However, most Europeans of the time viewed such texts as heretical and burned most of them. Only a few documents were hidden and thus remain today, leaving modern historians with glimpses of ancient culture and knowledge.
[77] [78] The former is the determinant factor for the number of gene lineages and founding haplotypes present in today's Indigenous American populations. [ 77 ] Human settlement of the Americas occurred in stages from the Bering sea coast line , with an initial 20,000-year layover on Beringia for the founding population .
The Maya area within Mesoamerica. The Maya (/ ˈ m aɪ ə /) are an ethnolinguistic group of indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica.The ancient Maya civilization was formed by members of this group, and today's Maya are generally descended from people who lived within that historical region.
The Non-Mayan group consists of the Xinca who are another set of Indigenous people making up 1.8% of the population. [262] Other sources indicate that between 50% and 60% of the population could be Indigenous because part of the Mestizo population is predominantly Indigenous.
[123] [124] The genetic differences between geographically separated indigenous groups (e.g., between indigenous people living in the Yucatán Peninsula compared to indigenous people living in western Mexico) can be as large as the genetic differences seen between a European and an East Asian person. [123] [124]
The Chibcha developed the most populous zone between the Maya region and the Inca Empire. Next to the Quechua of Peru and the Aymara in Bolivia , the Chibcha of the eastern and north-eastern Highlands of Colombia developed the most notable culture among the sedentary Indigenous peoples in South America.
Heterozygosity averages among the ten loci from the K'iche' at 0.133, the Buctzotz group at 0.249 and the Kaqchikel 0.171. Inter-population diversity was reported in reference to differences in allelic frequencies between the Mayans and other Native Americans, Europeans, Africans and Asians as (P<0.001). [2]
The Maya Region is firmly bounded to the north, east, and southwest by the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and the Pacific Ocean, respectively. [1] [2] It is less firmly bounded to the west and southeast by 'zones of cultural interaction and transition between Maya and non-Maya peoples.' [3] [2] The western transition between Maya and non-Maya peoples roughly corresponds to the Isthmus of ...