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Nitrous acid (molecular formula H N O 2) is a weak and monoprotic acid known only in solution, in the gas phase, and in the form of nitrite (NO − 2) salts. [3] It was discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, who called it "phlogisticated acid of niter".
Hyponitrous acid is a chemical compound with formula H 2 N 2 O 2 or HON=NOH. It is an isomer of nitramide, H 2 N−NO 2; and a formal dimer of azanone, HNO.. Hyponitrous acid forms two series of salts, the hyponitrites containing the [ON=NO] 2− anion, and the "acid hyponitrites" containing the [HON=NO] − anion.
Ammonium nitrite is a chemical compound with the chemical formula [NH 4]NO 2. It is the ammonium salt of nitrous acid. It is composed of ammonium cations [NH 4] + and nitrite anions NO − 2. It is not used in pure isolated form since it is highly unstable and decomposes into water and nitrogen, even at room temperature.
The main purpose of chemical nomenclature is to disambiguate the spoken or written names of chemical compounds: each name should refer to one compound. Secondarily, each compound should have only one name, although in some cases some alternative names are accepted. Preferably, the name should also represent the structure or chemistry of a compound.
Nitroxylic acid or hydronitrous acid is an unstable reduced oxonitrogen acid. It has formula H 4 N 2 O 4 containing nitrogen in the +2 oxidation state. [1] It consists of a central pair of bonded nitrogen atoms with four hydroxyl groups around them, giving rise to hydrazine-1,1,2,2-tetrol as an alternate chemical name.
The hydroxy group is pervasive in chemistry and biochemistry. Many inorganic compounds contain hydroxyl groups, including sulfuric acid, the chemical compound produced on the largest scale industrially. [2] Hydroxy groups participate in the dehydration reactions that link simple biological molecules into long chains.
Both of these compounds bind to hemoglobin and oxidize the Fe 2+ ions to Fe 3+ ions forming methemoglobin. Methemoglobin, in turn, binds to cyanide (CN), creating cyanmethemoglobin, effectively removing cyanide from the complex IV of the electron transport chain (ETC) in mitochondria , which is the primary site of disruption caused by cyanide.
Nitrosyl-O-hydroxide (molecular formula H O O N) is an isomer of nitrous acid, which has been experimentally observed in the gas phase. [2]HOON contains the longest oxygen-oxygen bond thus far observed in any known molecule, measured to be 1.9149 angstroms.