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The Finnish sauna (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈsɑu̯nɑ], Swedish: bastu) is a substantial part of Finnish [2] [3] [4] and Estonian culture. [ 5 ] It was inscribed on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists at the 17 December 2020 meeting of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage .
Illustration of a Finnish sauna in 1804 by Giuseppe Acerbi. As a result of the Industrial Revolution, the sauna evolved to use a wood-burning metal stove with rocks on top, kiuas, with a chimney. Air temperatures averaged around 75–100 °C (167–212 °F) but sometimes exceeded 110 °C (230 °F) in a traditional Finnish sauna. [14]
(Finnish Sauna: Design, Construction and Maintenance, Rakennustietosäätiö Oy (5th ed. 2003), pgs. 35–36.) An accompanying chart shows 70–88°C to be "mild" (depending upon humidity), 78–98°C to be "moderate," and 88–105°C to be "strong" and observes that the "mild" range is "best suited to children and the elderly."
Savu Sauna sign on the Barberg–Selvälä–Salmonson Sauna. Sauna had been practiced for centuries in Finland, and Finnish immigrants to the United States in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries did not want to leave sauna behind. Often the first structure they built on their new rural property was a sauna, which they could live ...
The sauna room is typically heated by a wood-burning stove or an electric heater, and the heat is generated by pouring water over heated rocks. This creates steam and humidity. The temperature inside a traditional Finnish sauna can reach up to 80-100 °C. [13]
SkyWheel Helsinki is a 40-meter (131 feet) tall Ferris wheel in central Helsinki, Finland. One of its gondola cabins, the SkySauna, is the world's first sauna on a Ferris wheel. [ 1 ] It opened to the public on June 3, 2014. [ 2 ]
A Finnish sauna with cold pool is also enclosed within the complex. Masseuse services are available. The Gellért Baths were originally separated for ladies and men. Starting in January 2013, all pools are mixed gendered, although it still has two different sections. Gellért Baths also offer a range of medical services.
It comprises the sauna room as well as a washroom, a dressing/massage room, and a kitchen. [3] The facility was in regular use until 2020, when it was closed down for safety reasons pending refurbishment. [4] It is thought to be England's oldest purpose-built sauna still in use, and the oldest surviving Finnish 'Olympic sauna' anywhere in the ...