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Paranthropus had adaptations to the skull to resist large bite loads while feeding, namely the expansive squamosal sutures. [40] The notably thick palate was once thought to have been an adaptation to resist a high bite force, but is better explained as a byproduct of facial lengthening and nasal anatomy.
KNM ER 406 is an almost complete fossilized skull of the species Paranthropus boisei. [1] It was discovered in Koobi Fora, Kenya by Richard Leakey and H. Mutua in 1969. [2] This species is grouped with the Australopitecine genus, Paranthropus boisei because of the robusticity of the skull and the prominent characteristics.
However, the lower-end specimen, Omo L338‐y6, is a juvenile, and many skull specimens have a highly damaged or missing frontal bone which can alter brain volume estimates. [37] The brain volume of australopithecines generally ranged from 400–500 cc (24–31 cu in), and for contemporary Homo 500–900 cc (31–55 cu in).
TM 1517 is a fossilized skull and lower mandible of the species Paranthropus robustus.It was discovered at Kromdraai, South Africa in 1938 by Robert Broom.. Its characteristics include bony ear tubes positioned below the plane of the cheek bones (more like humans than apes), and a forward set foramen magnum indicating a more erect posture than African apes.
KNM-WT 17000 (also known as "The Black Skull") is a fossilized adult skull of the species Paranthropus aethiopicus. It was discovered in West Turkana , Kenya by Alan Walker in 1985. [ 1 ] Estimated to be 2.5 million years old, the fossil is an adult with an estimated cranial capacity of 410 cc. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
It was long assumed that if Paranthropus is a valid genus then P. robustus was the ancestor of P. boisei, but in 1985, anthropologists Alan Walker and Richard Leakey found that the 2.5-million-year-old East African skull KNM WT 17000—which they assigned to a new species A. aethiopicus|A. aethiopicus—was ancestral to A. boisei (they ...
After 1.5 million years ago (extinction of Paranthropus), all fossils shown are human (genus Homo). After 11,500 years ago (11.5 ka, beginning of the Holocene ), all fossils shown are Homo sapiens ( anatomically modern humans ), illustrating recent divergence in the formation of modern human sub-populations .
SK 48 is a fossilised skull of the species Paranthropus robustus.It was found at Swartkrans, South Africa, in 1948 by palaeontologist Robert Broom.Estimated to be about 1.8 million years old, it is characterised by a robust appearance, bulging and continuous brow, broad flat face and a deep jaw with large chewing teeth/muscle attachments.