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  2. Program counter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Program_counter

    The program counter (PC), [1] commonly called the instruction pointer (IP) in Intel x86 and Itanium microprocessors, and sometimes called the instruction address register (IAR), [2] [1] the instruction counter, [3] or just part of the instruction sequencer, [4] is a processor register that indicates where a computer is in its program sequence.

  3. Stack register - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_register

    In 8086, the main stack register is called "stack pointer" (SP). The stack segment register (SS) is usually used to store information about the memory segment that stores the call stack of currently executed program. SP points to current stack top. By default, the stack grows downward in memory, so newer values are placed at lower memory addresses.

  4. Comparison of instruction set architectures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_instruction...

    8 (includes program counter and stack pointer, though any register can act as stack pointer) Variable (16-, 32-, or 48-bit) Condition code Little Extended Instruction Set, Floating Instruction Set, Floating Point Processor, Commercial Instruction Set No No POWER, PowerPC, Power ISA: 32/64 (32→64) 3.1 [30] 1990 3 (mostly). FMA, LD/ST-Update

  5. Calling convention - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calling_convention

    However, such subroutines do not need to return that value to r14—they merely need to load that value into r15, the program counter, to return. The ARM calling convention mandates using a full-descending stack. In addition, the stack pointer must always be 4-byte aligned, and must always be 8-byte aligned at a function call with a public ...

  6. Processor register - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processor_register

    R7 is the program counter. Any register can be a stack pointer but R6 is used for hardware interrupts and traps. VAX [32] 16: The general purpose registers are used for floating-point values as well. Three of the registers have special uses: R12 (Argument Pointer), R13 (Frame Pointer), and R14 (Stack Pointer), while R15 refers to the Program ...

  7. Call stack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Call_stack

    In a language with free pointers or non-checked array writes (such as in C), the mixing of control flow data which affects the execution of code (the return addresses or the saved frame pointers) and simple program data (parameters or return values) in a call stack is a security risk, and is possibly exploitable through stack buffer overflows ...

  8. Thread control block - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thread_control_block

    Stack pointer: Points to thread's stack in the process; Program counter: Points to the current program instruction of the thread; State of the thread (running, ready, waiting, start, done) Thread's register values; Pointer to the Process control block (PCB) of the process that the thread lives on

  9. Atmel AVR instruction set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmel_AVR_instruction_set

    These have only an 8-bit stack pointer (in SPL), and only support the 12-bit relative jump/call instructions RJMP/RCALL. (Because the AVR program counter counts 16-bit words, not bytes, a 12-bit offset is sufficient to address 2 13 bytes of ROM.) Additional memory addressing capabilities are present as required to access available resources: