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A direct-shift gearbox (DSG, German: Direktschaltgetriebe [1]) [2] [3] is an electronically controlled, dual-clutch, [2] multiple-shaft, automatic gearbox, in either a transaxle or traditional transmission layout (depending on engine/drive configuration), with automated clutch operation, and with fully-automatic [2] or semi-manual gear selection.
Names for specific types of semi-automatic transmissions include clutchless manual, [3] auto-manual, [4] [5] auto-clutch manual, [6] [7] and paddle-shift transmissions. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] These systems facilitate gear shifts for the driver by operating the clutch system automatically, usually via switches that trigger an actuator or servo ...
The operation of a dual-clutch transmission is analogous to two traditional manual transmissions, each with its own clutch, operating in parallel and alternating shifts. The Ford unit is a six-speed with one clutch acting on reverse, first, third, and fifth gears, and the other used for second, fourth, sixth gears.
Automated manual transmissions can be semi-automatic or fully-automatic in operation. Several different systems to automate the clutch and/or shifting have been used over the years, but they will generally use one of the following methods of actuation for the clutch and/or shifting: hydraulic or electro-hydraulic actuation, [12] electro-mechanical, [13] pneumatic, [6] [14] [15] electromagnetic ...
An automated manual transmission (AMT) is essentially a conventional manual transmission that uses automatic actuation to operate the clutch and/or shift between gears. Many early versions of these transmissions were semi-automatic in operation, such as Autostick , which automatically control only the clutch , but still require the driver's ...
This unit was an early semi-automatic transmission, based on the design of a conventional manual transmission, which used a servo-controlled vacuum-operated clutch system, with three different gear shifting modes, at the touch of a button; manual shifting and manual clutch operation (fully manual), manual shifting with automated clutch ...
The operation of TC-SST is smoother than that of a conventional automatic transmission because it uses clutches instead of a torque converter to transmit power. [4] The key to the system's operation is in the electronic and hydraulic controls. TC-SST can select two gears at the same time by putting odd (1st, 3rd, 5th) and even (2nd, 4th, and ...
Automatic – once placed in drive (or any other 'automatic' selector position), it automatically selects the gear ratio dependent on engine speed and load; Basically there are two types of engine installation: In the longitudinal direction, the gearbox is usually designed separately from the final drive (including the differential). The ...