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The Davy lamp is a safety lamp used in flammable atmospheres, invented in 1815 by Sir Humphry Davy. [1] It consists of a wick lamp with the flame enclosed inside a mesh screen. It was created for use in coal mines, to reduce the danger of explosions due to the presence of methane and other flammable gases, called firedamp or minedamp.
A safety lamp is any of several types of lamp that provides illumination in places such as coal mines where the air may carry coal dust or a build-up of flammable gases, which may explode if ignited, possibly by an electric spark. Until the development of effective electric lamps in the early 1900s, miners used flame lamps to provide illumination.
1859 William Clark patented the first electrical mining lamp. [3] 1870s J.B.Marsaut (France) double gauze design [4] 1872 Coal Mines Regulation Act required locked lamps under certain conditions [5] 1881 Joseph Swan exhibited his first electric lamp 1882 Made by William Reid Clanny invented a 'bonnetted' Clanny lamp, [6]
Born on 15 September 1773 at West Kyo, near Stanley, County Durham, Buddle was the only son and the fourth of six children born to John Buddle, senior, and Mary Reay.John Buddle senior was a mathematician who worked at a local school before pursuing a career in the mining industry, being responsible for his son's wide education, particularly in maths and science. [1]
Monica Maurice was born in Hucknall Torkard, near Nottingham, [3] and brought up in the industrial north Midlands, the eldest of three daughters. Her father was William Maurice (1872–1951), founder of the Wolf Safety Lamp Company, a manufacturer of safety lamps for mining and quarrying; he had purchased the business rights from Friemann and Wolf of Zwickau, Saxony, Germany, in 1910.
The English mining operations were merged with RJB Mining to form UK Coal, a monopoly. British Coal continued as a separate organisation until 31 December 1997, after which it was run as a residual legal entity by staff within the Coal Directorate of the Department of Trade and Industry, [3] [4] eventually being dissolved on 27 March 2004. [5] [6]
The predecessor company of UK Coal was founded by Richard J. Budge in 1974 as RJB Mining. In 1994, following the privatisation of the UK mining industry, it grew fivefold with the acquisition of British Coal's core activities. [2] It changed its name to UK Coal in 2001 after the retirement of its founder, having acquired UK Coal plc. [3]
The Geordie lamp was a safety lamp for use in flammable atmospheres, invented by George Stephenson in 1815 as a miner's lamp to prevent explosions due to firedamp in coal mines. Origin [ edit ]
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