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Ancient Egyptian religion was a complex system of polytheistic beliefs and rituals that formed an integral part of ancient Egyptian culture. It centered on the Egyptians' interactions with many deities believed to be present and in control of the world.
Ancient Egyptian afterlife beliefs were centered around a variety of complex rituals that were influenced by many aspects of Egyptian culture. Religion was a major contributor, since it was an important social practice that bound all Egyptians together.
A 2020 report stated that Egypt is one of the top five countries with the highest levels of social hostilities involving religion. [37]A 2021 report notes a government crack-down on religious violence, including the execution of the murderer of Father Samaan Shehata.
The dominant religious rituals and beliefs of ancient Egypt merged and developed over time. As an example, during the New Kingdom, the gods Ra and Amun were syncretized into a single god, Amun-Ra. [5] Such syncretism should be distinguished from mere groupings, also referred to as "families" such as Amun, Mut, and Khonsu.
Ancient Egyptian deities were an integral part of ancient Egyptian religion and were worshiped for millennia. Many of them ruled over natural and social phenomena , as well as abstract concepts [ 1 ] These gods and goddesses appear in virtually every aspect of ancient Egyptian civilization, and more than 1,500 of them are known by name.
Since 2006, Egyptian censuses have not reported on religion and church leaders have alleged that Christians were under-counted in government surveys. In 2017, a government owned newspaper Al Ahram estimated the percentage of Copts at 10 to 15% and the membership claimed by the Coptic Orthodox Church is in the range of 20 to 25 million.
Atenism, also known as the Aten religion, [1] the Amarna religion, [2] the Amarna revolution, and the Amarna heresy, was a religion in ancient Egypt. It was founded by Akhenaten , a pharaoh who ruled the New Kingdom under the Eighteenth Dynasty . [ 3 ]
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. Vol. 1. Oxford, UK / New York, NY / Cairo, EG: Oxford University Press / The American University in Cairo Press. pp. 161–162. Allen, James P. (2000). Middle Egyptian: An introduction to the language and culture of hieroglyphs. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521741446. Borghouts, Joris Frans (1982).