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Counterfactual thinking is a concept in ... This relationship may also be exploited in literature or ... proposed an approach to counterfactual reasoning ...
This chapter examines the third rung of the ladder of causation: counterfactuals. The chapter introduces 'structural causal models', which allow reasoning about counterfactuals in a way that traditional (non-causal) statistics does not. Then, the applications of counterfactual reasoning are explored in the areas of climate science and the law.
Counterfactual history seeks by "conjecturing on what did not happen, or what might have happened, in order to understand what did happen." [2] It has produced a literary genre which is variously called alternate history, speculative history, allohistory, and hypothetical history. [3] [4]
A counterfactual statement is a conditional statement with a false antecedent. For example, the statement "If Joseph Swan had not invented the modern incandescent light bulb, then someone else would have invented it anyway" is a counterfactual, because, in fact, Joseph Swan invented the modern incandescent light bulb. The most immediate task ...
Counterfactual conditionals (also contrafactual, subjunctive or X-marked) are conditional sentences which discuss what would have been true under different circumstances, e.g. "If Peter believed in ghosts, he would be afraid to be here."
Persuasive definition – purporting to use the "true" or "commonly accepted" meaning of a term while, in reality, using an uncommon or altered definition. (cf. the if-by-whiskey fallacy) Ecological fallacy – inferring about the nature of an entity based solely upon aggregate statistics collected for the group to which that entity belongs. [27]
The last image we have of Patrick Cagey is of his first moments as a free man. He has just walked out of a 30-day drug treatment center in Georgetown, Kentucky, dressed in gym clothes and carrying a Nike duffel bag.
Counterfactual thinking, in psychology; Counterfactual thought experiments, in philosophy, science, etc. Counterfactual history, in historiography; Alternate history, a literary genre; Counterfactual subjunctive, grammatical forms which in English are known as the past and pluperfect forms of the English subjunctive mood