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Nairobi sheep disease orthonairovirus (NSDV) infection orf , also known as contagious ecthyma, contagious pustular dermatitis, infectious labial dermatitis, thistle disease, sore mouth, or scabby mouth
Postpartum infections, also known as childbed fever and puerperal fever, are any bacterial infections of the female reproductive tract following childbirth or miscarriage. [1] Signs and symptoms usually include a fever greater than 38.0 °C (100.4 °F), chills, lower abdominal pain, and possibly bad-smelling vaginal discharge . [ 1 ]
Another important factor is the gestational age and hence immunocompetence of the fetus at the time of infection. [3] Early in gestation, N. caninum infection of the placenta and subsequently the fetus usually proves fatal, whereas infection occurring in mid to late pregnancy may result in the birth of a congenitally infected but otherwise ...
Placenta and its tissue layers. The placental microbiome is the nonpathogenic, commensal bacteria claimed to be present in a healthy human placenta and is distinct from bacteria that cause infection and preterm birth in chorioamnionitis. [1]
Infection sites in the cow include the vagina, cervix, endometrium, and oviducts. [4] [5] If the cow becomes pregnant, the placenta can also be a site of infection. [28] Rather than the bacterial colonization itself, the ensuing inflammatory response in the uterus and oviducts is often the cause of early embryonic mortality. [27]
For many infections, the baby is more at risk at particular stages of pregnancy. Problems related to perinatal infection are not always directly noticeable. [citation needed] Apart from infecting the fetus, transplacental pathogens may cause placentitis (inflammation of the placenta) and/or chorioamnionitis (inflammation of the fetal membranes).
Acute hepatitis A virus or acute hepatitis E virus infection present the greatest risk to maternal and fetal health and increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hepatitis B, C and D virus present a risk of mother to child transmission but are dependent on the severity of the underlying disease in the mother.
Chorioamnionitis, also known as amnionitis and intra-amniotic infection (IAI), is inflammation of the fetal membranes (amnion and chorion), usually due to bacterial infection. [1] In 2015, a National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Workshop expert panel recommended use of the term "triple I" to address the heterogeneity of this ...