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The Electric Telegraph Company was the world's first public telegraph company, founded in the United Kingdom in 1846 by Sir William Fothergill Cooke and John Lewis Ricardo, MP for Stoke-on-Trent, [1] with Cromwell F. Varley as chief engineer. [2]
This company was merged back into the ETC in 1854 and named the Electric and International Telegraph Company. [49] Other subsidiary companies created to lay submarine cables were the Channel Islands Telegraph Company (1857) and the Isle of Man Telegraph Company (1859).
The Electric Telegraph Company, the world's first public telegraphy company, was formed in 1845 by financier John Lewis Ricardo and Cooke. [43] [44]
January 1847: The New York Evening Express uses the new Albany-New York telegraph line to beat the pony express of New York Herald to press. 14 January 1847: Toronto line is extended to Buffalo, New York. [50] [51] March 1847: Morse's Magnetic Telegraph Company buys the Baltimore-Washington telegraph line from the U.S. Government. [1]
This company bought out the Cooke and Wheatstone patents and solidly established the telegraph business. In 1869 the company was nationalised and became part of the General Post Office. [22] The one-needle telegraph proved highly successful on British railways, and 15,000 sets were still in use at the end of the nineteenth century.
In 1866, Western Union acquired the American Telegraph Company & the United States Telegraph Company, its two main competitors, gaining a virtual monopoly over the American telegraphy industry. The company also began to develop new telegraphy-related services beyond the transmission and delivery of telegrams, launching the first stock ticker in ...
The electric telegraph was slower to develop in France due to the established optical telegraph system, but an electrical telegraph was put into use with a code compatible with the Chappe optical telegraph. The Morse system was adopted as the international standard in 1865, using a modified Morse code developed in Germany in 1848. [1]
An arrangement was come to in 1843 by which several patents were assigned to Cooke, with the reservation of a mileage royalty to Wheatstone; and in 1846 the Electric Telegraph Company was formed in conjunction with Cooke, the company paying £120,000 for Cooke and Wheatstone's earlier patents. [3]