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2. Chain extender - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_extender

   At or near the final stages of production, the material is treated with a chain extender. Typically, chain extenders are bifunctional, i.e., they have two functional groups, which can link together two polymers. Representative classes of chain extenders are diglycidyl ethers, diols, diamines, or dianhydrides. Chain extenders are often applied ...

3. Pyromellitic dianhydride - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyromellitic_dianhydride

   PMDA is used in PET bottle recycling as a chain extender. It increases the molecular weight of the polymer by linking-together alcohol and carboxylic acid groups formed by hydrolysis of the PET. This improves the rheological properties and overall quality of the recycled plastic. [5]

4. Dealkalization of water - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dealkalization_of_water

   Chloride cycle dealkalizers operate similar to sodium cycle cation water softeners. Like water softeners, dealkalizers contain ion-exchange resins that are regenerated with a concentrated salt solution - NaCl. In the case of a water softener, the cation exchange resin is exchanging sodium (the Na + ion of NaCl) for hardness minerals such as ...

5. 2-Methylpentamethylenediamine - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-Methylpentamethylenediamine

   2-Methylpentamethylenediamine can also be used as a chain extender for polyurethane applications, and in particular with PUDs. [3] [4] Its derivatives like aspartic esters, secondary amines, aldimines and ketoimines serve as curatives in polyurea systems. In polyamides, 2-Methylpentamethylenediamine acts as a crystallinity disruptor.

6. Thermoplastic polyurethane - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoplastic_polyurethane

   TPU is a block copolymer consisting of alternating sequences of hard and soft segments or domains formed by the reaction of (1) diisocyanates with short-chain diols (so-called chain extenders) and (2) diisocyanates with long-chain diols. By varying the ratio, structure and/or molecular weight of the reaction compounds, an enormous variety of ...

7. 1,6-Hexanediol - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,6-hexanediol

   1,6-Hexanediol can improve the hardness and flexibility of polyesters as it contains a fairly long hydrocarbon chain. In polyurethanes, it is used as a chain extender , and the resulting modified polyurethane has high resistance to hydrolysis as well as mechanical strength, but with a low glass transition temperature.