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Sb 2 O 3; Fool's gold – a mineral, iron disulfide or pyrite; can form oil of vitriol on contact with water and air. Fulminating silver – principally, silver nitride, formed by dissolving silver(I) oxide in ammonia. Very explosive when dry. Fulminating gold – a number of gold based explosives which "fulminate", or detonate easily.
Stibnite, sometimes called antimonite, is a sulfide mineral with the formula Sb 2 S 3.This soft grey material crystallizes in an orthorhombic space group. [6] It is the most important source for the metalloid antimony. [7]
Antimony is a chemical element; it has symbol Sb (from Latin stibium) and atomic number 51. A lustrous grey metal or metalloid , it is found in nature mainly as the sulfide mineral stibnite (Sb 2 S 3 ).
Except for beryllium, antimony is the lightest element observed to have isotopes capable of alpha decay; 104 Sb is seen to undergo this mode of decay. Some light elements, namely those near 8 Be , have isotopes with delayed alpha emission (following proton or beta emission ) as a rare branch.
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The antimonide ion is Sb 3− but the term refers also to any anionic derivative of antimony. [1] Antimonides are often prepared by heating the elements. [2] ntimony by alkali metals or by other methods leads to alkali metal antimonides of various types. [3] Known antimonides include isolated Sb 3− ions (in Li 3 Sb and Na 3 Sb).
2 Sb + 3 S → Sb 2 S 3. Sb 2 S 3 is precipitated when H 2 S is passed through an acidified solution of Sb(III). [9] This reaction has been used as a gravimetric method for determining antimony, bubbling H 2 S through a solution of Sb(III) compound in hot HCl deposits an orange form of Sb 2 S 3 which turns black under the reaction conditions. [10]
Antimony(III) sulfate was first produced in 1827 by the reaction of antimony(III) oxide and 18 molar sulfuric acid at 200 °C: [1]. Sb 2 O 3 + 3 H 2 SO 4 → Sb 2 (SO 4) 3 + 3 H 2 O. The concentration of the sulfuric acid is important, as a lower concentration will produce basic antimony oxides, while a higher concentration will produce antimony(III) pyrosulfate.