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Harappa (Punjabi pronunciation: [ɦəɽəˈpaː]) is an archaeological site in Punjab, Pakistan, about 24 kilometres (15 miles) west of Sahiwal.The Bronze Age Harappan civilisation, now more often called the Indus Valley Civilisation, is named after the site, which takes its name from a modern village near the former course of the Ravi River, which now runs eight kilometres (five miles) to the ...
The most widely known Indus Valley sites are Mohenjo-daro and Harappa; Mohenjo-daro is located in modern-day Sindh, while Harappa is in Pakistani Punjab. [ 6 ] in British India , around 1,100 (80%) sites are located on the plains between the rivers Ganges and Indus . [ 3 ]
The cities of the ancient Indus had "social hierarchies, their writing system, their large planned cities and their long-distance trade [which] mark them to archaeologists as a full-fledged 'civilisation.'" [60] The mature phase of the Harappan civilisation lasted from c. 2600 –1900 BCE. With the inclusion of the predecessor and successor ...
Harappan cities featured urban and social elements such as roads, fire pits, kilns, and industrial buildings, and were primarily functional in purpose rather than aesthetic. [8] The city sewerage, plumbing, and drainage systems were distributed in the network of the grid planning by early hydro-engineers to be functionally used and maintained ...
Harappan may refer to: Aspects related to Harappa, an archaeological site (c. 3300–1600 BC) and city in Punjab in northeast Pakistan; The Indus Valley civilisation or Harappan civilisation, a Bronze Age civilisation that throve along Indus River c. 3300 – c. 1700 BC Harappan architecture of the ancient Indus Valley civilisation of Harappa
The other major Harappan sites discovered so far are Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, Ganeriwala, Rakhigarhi, Kalibangan, Rupnagar and Lothal. It was named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name Dholavira: a Harappan City on 27 July 2021.
This proposal is supported by Sarkar et al. (2016), co-authored by Rao, who also refer to a proposal by Possehl, and various radiocarbon dates from other sites, though giving 800 BCE as the enddate for the Mature Harappan phase: [10] [c] Rao 2005, and as summarized by Dikshit 2013, compares as follows with the conventional datings, and Shaffer ...
Followed by: Early Harappan period Mehrgarh is a Neolithic archaeological site (dated c. 7000 BCE – c. 2500/2000 BCE ) situated on the Kacchi Plain of Balochistan in Pakistan . [ 1 ] It is located near the Bolan Pass , to the west of the Indus River and between the modern-day Pakistani cities of Quetta , Kalat and Sibi .