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Tolvaptan, sold under the brand name Samsca among others, is an aquaretic drug that functions as a selective, competitive vasopressin receptor 2 (V 2) antagonist used to treat hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels) associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).
Tolvaptan phosphate is a drug used for the treatment of cardiac edema. It is a prodrug of tolvaptan, [1] [2] formulated as the salt tolvaptan sodium phosphate, for intravenous administration. Tolvaptan phosphate is converted into the active drug tolvaptan in the human body following administration.
The "vaptan" drugs act by directly blocking the action of vasopressin at its receptors (V 1A, V 1B and V 2).These receptors have a variety of functions, with the V 1A and V 2 receptors are expressed peripherally and involved in the modulation of blood pressure and kidney function respectively, while the V 1A and V 1B receptors are expressed in the central nervous system.
Additionally, women over 50 are at higher risk for osteoporosis and bone density loss, and vitamin D can help mitigate this risk, he says. With this in mind, he recommends the vitamin D3 softgel ...
Find out how age and weight go together, here. Plus, expert tips for losing weight after 50, including diet plans, calorie needs, and low-impact workouts.
The 9 Most Common Questions Women Over 40 Ask Their Doctors, According To A Menopause Expert Holiday traditions are wonderful, but they don’t have to be rigid. If certain rituals feel ...
The second Phase III study with lixivaptan is the ALERT study. [15] The goal of this study is to investigate whether lixivaptan can be safely used in patients with ADPKD who were previously treated with tolvaptan, but who had to permanently discontinue tolvaptan therapy due to liver toxicity.
The best multivitamins for women over 50 help to fill nutrition gaps in your diet. Doctors and nutritionists recommend these. Skip to main content. Sign in. Mail. 24/7 Help. For premium support ...