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  2. Tidal tensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_tensor

    The most common example of tides is the tidal force around a spherical body (e.g., a planet or a moon). Here we compute the tidal tensor for the gravitational field outside an isolated spherically symmetric massive object. According to Newton's gravitational law, the acceleration a at a distance r from a central mass m is

  3. Love number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_number

    The Love number k is defined as the cubical dilation or the ratio of the additional potential (self-reactive force) produced by the deformation of the deforming potential. It can be represented as k V ( θ , ϕ ) / g {\displaystyle kV(\theta ,\phi )/g} , where k = 0 {\displaystyle k=0} for a rigid body.

  4. List of equations in wave theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_equations_in_wave...

    Position of a point in space, not necessarily a point on the wave profile or any line of propagation d, r: m [L] Wave profile displacement Along propagation direction, distance travelled (path length) by one wave from the source point r 0 to any point in space d (for longitudinal or transverse waves) L, d, r

  5. Geopotential spherical harmonic model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geopotential_spherical...

    As P 0 n (x) = −P 0 n (−x) non-zero coefficients J n for odd n correspond to a lack of symmetry "north–south" relative the equatorial plane for the mass distribution of Earth. Non-zero coefficients C n m, S n m correspond to a lack of rotational symmetry around the polar axis for the mass distribution of Earth, i.e. to a "tri-axiality" of ...

  6. Schwarzschild geodesics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzschild_geodesics

    The basic idea is that, due to gravitational slowing of time, parts of a wave-front closer to a gravitating mass move more slowly than those further away, thus bending the direction of the wave-front's propagation. Using general covariance, the Hamilton–Jacobi equation for a single particle of unit mass can be expressed in arbitrary ...

  7. Theta wave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theta_wave

    Theta waves generate the theta rhythm, a neural oscillation in the brain that underlies various aspects of cognition and behavior, including learning, memory, and spatial navigation in many animals. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It can be recorded using various electrophysiological methods, such as electroencephalogram (EEG), recorded either from inside the ...

  8. Momentum transfer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momentum_transfer

    The momentum transfer plays an important role in the evaluation of neutron, X-ray, and electron diffraction for the investigation of condensed matter. Laue-Bragg diffraction occurs on the atomic crystal lattice, conserves the wave energy and thus is called elastic scattering, where the wave numbers final and incident particles, and , respectively, are equal and just the direction changes by a ...

  9. Mikheyev–Smirnov–Wolfenstein effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheyev–Smirnov...

    In the case of normal neutrino mass hierarchy, and ,, transitions occurred inside the star, then and oscillated inside the Earth. Due to the differences in the distance traveled by neutrinos to Kamiokande, IMB and Baksan within the Earth, the MSW effect can partially explain the difference of the Kamiokande and IMB energy spectrum of events.