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  2. Establishment Clause - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Establishment_Clause

    The Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause together read: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof... The Establishment Clause acts as a double security, prohibiting both control of the government by religion and political control of religion by the government. [2]

  3. First Amendment to the United States Constitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the...

    Board of Education (1947), the Supreme Court incorporated the Establishment Clause (i.e., made it apply against the states): The 'establishment of religion' clause of the First Amendment means at least this: Neither a state nor the Federal Government can set up a church.

  4. List of clauses of the United States Constitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_clauses_of_the...

    The United States Constitution and its amendments comprise hundreds of clauses which outline the functioning of the United States Federal Government, the political relationship between the states and the national government, and affect how the United States federal court system interprets the law.

  5. Establishment Clause Confusion - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/establishment-clause-confusion...

    For decades the Supreme Court has entangled itself in establishment-clause decisions that have been, in the words of Alice in Wonderland, curiouser and curiouser. On Wednesday, it can leaven with ...

  6. In recent years, the Supreme Court has radically changed the law of the First Amendment’s Establishment Clause. For decades, the court followed a test it articulated in 1971 in Lemon v.

  7. Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitzmiller_v._Dover_Area...

    Accordingly, we find that the secular purposes claimed by the Board amount to a pretext for the Board's real purpose, which was to promote religion in the public school classroom, in violation of the Establishment Clause. Judge John E. Jones III issued the decision in the case. In his Conclusion, he wrote:

  8. Endorsement test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endorsement_test

    Donnelly asks whether a particular government action amounts to an endorsement of religion, thus violating the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. According to the test, a government action is invalid if it creates a perception in the mind of a reasonable observer that the government is either endorsing or disapproving of religion. [1]

  9. List of United States Supreme Court cases involving the First ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States...

    Internal religious affairs (also involving the Establishment Clause) Watson v. Jones, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 679 (1872) United States v. Ballard, 322 U.S. 78 (1944)