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Environmental policy is the commitment of an organization or government to the laws, regulations, and other policy mechanisms concerning environmental issues.These issues generally include air and water pollution, waste management, ecosystem management, maintenance of biodiversity, the management of natural resources, wildlife and endangered species. [1]
An environmental impact statement (EIS), under United States environmental law, is a document required by the 1969 National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for certain actions "significantly affecting the quality of the human environment". [1] An EIS is a tool for decision making.
Policy impact assessments, or simply impact assessments (IAs), are formal, evidence-based procedures that assess prospective economic, social, and environmental effects of a public policy proposal. [1] They have been incorporated into policy making in the OECD countries and the European Commission.
An environmental assessment (EA) is an environmental analysis prepared pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act to determine whether a federal action would significantly affect the environment and thus require a more detailed Environmental Impact Statement (EIS).
For a variety of reasons, environmental advocates initially opposed the use of market-based instruments except under very constrained conditions. However, after the successful use of freely traded credits in the lead phasedown in the U.S. environmental advocates recognized that trading markets have benefits for the environment as well. [5]
Policy analysis or public policy analysis is a technique used in the public administration sub-field of political science to enable civil servants, nonprofit organizations, and others to examine and evaluate the available options to implement the goals of laws and elected officials.
The European Union Directive on Environmental Impact Assessments (85/337/EEC,also known as the EIA Directive) only applied to certain projects. [3] This was seen as deficient as it only dealt with specific effects at the local level whereas many environmentally damaging decisions had already been made at a more strategic level (for example the fact that new infrastructure may generate an ...
Environmental Politics is a peer-reviewed academic journal, published seven times per year, which provides a forum for environmental politics particularly in relation to environmental social movements, NGOs, and parties; analysis of environmental policy-making; and environmental political thought.