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Dubbed "Vietnam's first Declaration of Independence", [1] it asserts the sovereignty of Vietnam's rulers over its lands. The poem was first dictated to be read aloud before and during battles to boost army morale and nationalism when Vietnam under Lý Thánh Tông and Lý Thường Kiệt fought against two invasions by Song dynasty in 981 and ...
Current Vietnamese historians considers that Vietnam has had a total of three declarations of independence: The poem Nam quốc sơn hà (Mountains and rivers of Southern country) was written in 1077 by Lý Thường Kiệt and recited next to the defense line of the Như Nguyệt river (Cầu river), originally with the reason to incentive the ...
This declaration was a declaration of independence from France, but France initially never recognized the DRV as an independent country. After the First Indochina War broke out; on 5 June 1948, France formed the independent State of Vietnam (an associated state ) with the Ha Long Bay Agreement as an alternative method to solve the Vietnam question.
His poems are known for their lyrical beauty, their political engagement, and their insights into the Vietnamese people. Tố Hữu's poetry is a valuable record of the Vietnamese revolution and the Vietnamese people's struggle for independence. His poems are also a testament to the power of poetry to inspire and to give voice to the oppressed.
Some highly regarded works in Vietnamese literature were written in chữ Nôm, including Nguyễn Du's Truyện Kiều (傳翹), Đoàn Thị Điểm's chữ nôm translation of the poem Chinh Phụ Ngâm Khúc (征婦吟曲 - Song of the Soldier's Wife) from the Classical Chinese poem composed by her friend Đặng Trần Côn (famous in its ...
Vietnamese poetry originated in the form of folk poetry and proverbs. Vietnamese poetic structures include Lục bát, Song thất lục bát, and various styles shared with Classical Chinese poetry forms, such as are found in Tang poetry; examples include verse forms with "seven syllables each line for eight lines," "seven syllables each line for four lines" (a type of quatrain), and "five ...
Despite these differences, Vietnam's sovereign principles and insistence on cultural independence have been laid down in numerous documents over the centuries before its independence. These include the 11th-century patriotic poem " Nam quốc sơn hà " and the 1428 proclamation of independence " Bình Ngô đại cáo ".
The anthem's targets were all of the population of South Vietnam. The anthem had to call for the armed insurrection against the US-backed Saigon regime and the unification of Vietnam as a whole. The authors had to use a novel pseudonym to maintain the independence of the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam.