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The biwa (Japanese: 琵琶) is a Japanese short-necked wooden lute traditionally used in narrative storytelling. The biwa is a plucked string instrument that first gained popularity in China before spreading throughout East Asia, eventually reaching Japan sometime during the Nara period (710–794).
The pipa is one of the most popular Chinese instruments and has been played for almost two thousand years in China. Several related instruments are derived from the pipa, including the Japanese biwa and Korean bipa in East Asia , and the Vietnamese đàn tỳ bà in Southeast Asia .
Chinese musical instruments are traditionally grouped into eight categories known as bā yīn (). [1] The eight categories are silk, bamboo, wood, stone, metal, clay, gourd and skin; other instruments considered traditional exist that may not fit these groups.
321: Instruments in which the strings run in a plane parallel to the sound table 321.3: Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle (handle lutes) 321.32: Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck (necked lutes) 321.321: Instrument whose body is shaped like a bowl (necked bowl lutes)
琵琶 is an East Asian string instrument. 琵琶 may refer to: Bipa, a Korean pear-shaped lute; Biwa, a Japanese short-necked fretted lute; Pipa, a Chinese plucked string instrument; Tỳ bà or đàn tỳ bà (檀琵琶), a Vietnamese traditional plucked string instrument
The girl on the far right is playing the đàn tỳ bà. The đàn tỳ bà or đàn tì bà (Vietnamese: [ɗàːn tì ɓàː], Chữ Nôm: 彈琵琶) is a Vietnamese traditional plucked string instrument derived from the Chinese pipa, [1] That first gained popularity in China before spreading throughout East Asia, eventually reaching Vietnam sometime during the Trần dynasty.
While dang-bipa was a Tang-style pipa first introduced from the Chinese Tang dynasty and localized over time to have Korean characteristics, hyang-bipa was created in the Korean Kingdom of Silla. The instrument is also related to other derivatives such as Vietnamese đàn tỳ bà and the Japanese biwa. An old Korean bipa dated 1893.
Some thought that the instrument may have been re-introduced into China together with other instruments such as huqin by the Mongols during the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), [1] [3] however, an image of a sanxian-like instrument was found in a stone sculpture dating from the Southern Song period (1217–79).
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