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Americans see emotions as internal personal reactions; emotions are about the self (Markus & Kityama, 1991 [39]). In America, emotional expression is encouraged by parents and peers while suppression is often disapproved. Keeping emotions inside is viewed as being insincere as well as posing a risk to one's health and well-being. [40]
Emotion Attribution: Prinz suggests that emotions are recognized through a process of attributing specific emotional states to oneself and others based on observed or perceived cues. These cues can include facial expressions, body language, vocal tone, and context.
Eros – a passionate physical and emotional love based on aesthetic enjoyment; stereotype of romantic love; Ludus – a love that is played as a game or sport; conquest; Storge – an affectionate love that slowly develops from friendship, based on similarity ( kindred to Philia) Pragma – love that is driven by the head, not the heart ...
The emic approach studies behavior from within the culture, and mostly is based on one culture; the etic approach studies behavior from outside the culture system, and is based on many cultures. [14] Currently, many psychologists conducting cross-cultural research are said to use what is called a pseudoetic approach. [15]
His work emphasizes the different emotions evoked when imagining another situation from a self-perspective or imagining from another perspective. [14] The former is often associated with personal distress (i.e., feelings of discomfort and anxiety), whereas the latter leads to empathic concern.
An increasing interest in emotion can be seen in the behavioral, biological and social sciences. Research over the last two decades suggests that many phenomena, ranging from individual cognitive processing to social and collective behavior, cannot be understood without taking into account affective determinants (i.e. motives, attitudes, moods, and emotions). [1]
Another term used to define inner experiences is qualia. Being able to understand inner experiences assists in understanding how humans behave, act, and respond. Defining personality using inner experiences has been expanding due to the fact that solely relying on behavioral principles to explain one's character may seem incomplete.
Staats sees the piece of food to have two functions: one function is that of eliciting an emotional response, the other function is that of strengthening the motor behavior the precedes the presenting of food. So classical conditioning and operant conditioning are very much related. Positive emotion stimuli will serve as positive reinforcers.