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Cryopreservation or cryoconservation is a process where biological material - cells, tissues, or organs - are frozen to preserve the material for an extended period of time. [1] At low temperatures (typically −80 °C (−112 °F) or −196 °C (−321 °F) using liquid nitrogen ) any cell metabolism which might cause damage to the biological ...
Typical specimens for cryofixation include small samples of plant or animal tissue, cell suspensions of microorganisms or cultured cells, suspensions of viruses or virus capsids and samples of purified macromolecules, especially proteins. [2] [3] Types of cryo-fixation are freezing-drying, freezing-substitution and freezing-etching.
Tissues can be taken from living animals or shortly after death. These tissues can be saved via cryopreservation or dehydrated. Blood cells can also be useful for DNA analysis such as comparing homozygosity [36] [37] It is recommended by the FAO that two vials of blood be drawn to reduce the chance that all samples will be lost from a ...
At least six major areas of cryobiology can be identified: 1) study of cold-adaptation of microorganisms, plants (cold hardiness), and animals, both invertebrates and vertebrates (including hibernation), 2) cryopreservation of cells, tissues, gametes, and embryos of animal and human origin for (medical) purposes of long-term storage by cooling to temperatures below the freezing point of water.
Freeze drying, also known as lyophilization or cryodesiccation, is a low temperature dehydration process [1] that involves freezing the product and lowering pressure, thereby removing the ice by sublimation. [2] This is in contrast to dehydration by most conventional methods that evaporate water using heat. [3]
Fixation of tissue is done for several reasons. One reason is to kill the tissue so that postmortem decay (autolysis and putrefaction) is prevented. [1] Fixation preserves biological material (tissue or cells) as close to its natural state as possible in the process of preparing tissue for examination. To achieve this, several conditions ...
A hepatocyte is a cell of the main parenchymal tissue of the liver. Hepatocytes make up 80% of the liver's mass. These cells are involved in: Protein synthesis; Protein storage; Transformation of carbohydrates; Synthesis of cholesterol, bile salts and phospholipids; Detoxification, modification, and excretion of exogenous and endogenous substances
coagulation of blood thereby interrupting bloodflow to the tissue in turn causing ischemia and cell death; and; induction of apoptosis, the so-called programmed cell death cascade. The most common application of cryoablation is to ablate solid tumors found in the lung, liver, breast, kidney and prostate.