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Reducing disaccharides like lactose and maltose have only one of their two anomeric carbons involved in the glycosidic bond, while the other is free and can convert to an open-chain form with an aldehyde group. The aldehyde functional group allows the sugar to act as a reducing agent, for example, in the Tollens' test or Benedict's test.
The common disaccharides lactose and maltose are directly detected by Benedict's reagent because each contains a glucose with a free reducing aldehyde moiety after isomerization. Sucrose (table sugar ) contains two sugars (fructose and glucose) joined by their glycosidic bond in such a way as to prevent the glucose undergoing isomerization to ...
Sucrose and lactose are called disaccharides because they are made from two simple sugars, and are broken down into these simple sugars during digestion. Sucrose is broken down into glucose and another simple sugar called fructose, and lactose is broken down into glucose and galactose. As a result, lactose, sucrose and other compounds made from ...
For example, milk sugar (lactose) is a disaccharide made by condensation of one molecule of each of the monosaccharides glucose and galactose, whereas the disaccharide sucrose in sugar cane and sugar beet, is a condensation product of glucose and fructose. Maltose, another common disaccharide, is condensed from two glucose molecules. [7]
Fehling's test can be used as a generic test for monosaccharides and other reducing sugars (e.g., maltose). It will give a positive result for aldose monosaccharides (due to the oxidisable aldehyde group) but also for ketose monosaccharides, as they are converted to aldoses by the base in the reagent , and then give a positive result.
Lactase (breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose) Maltase (breaks down maltose into 2 glucoses) Sucrase (breaks down sucrose into glucose and fructose) Trehalase (breaks down trehalose into 2 glucoses) For a thorough scientific overview of small-intestinal disaccharidases, one can consult chapter 75 of OMMBID. [1]
There is a link between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. [31] Type 2 diabetes is unlikely to be caused directly by sugar. [32] It is likely that weight gain caused by sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is what increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. [32]
Lactose, maltose, and sucrose are all compound sugars, disaccharides, with the general formula C 12 H 22 O 11. They are formed by the combination of two monosaccharide molecules with the exclusion of a molecule of water. [72] Lactose is the naturally occurring sugar found in milk. A molecule of lactose is formed by the combination of a molecule ...
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