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Spain is a diverse country integrated by contrasting entities with varying economic and social structures, languages, and historical, political and cultural traditions. [1] [2] The Spanish constitution responds ambiguously to the claims of historic nationalities (such as the right of self-government) while proclaiming a common and indivisible homeland of all Spaniards.
The modern division of Spain into Autonomous Communities embodies an attempt to recognise nationalities and regional identities within Spain as a basis for devolution of power. From the Reconquista onwards, in most parts of the peninsula, territories have identified themselves as distinct from the rest of Spain in one of three ways.
Spaniards, [a] or Spanish people, are a people native to Spain.Within Spain, there are a number of national and regional ethnic identities that reflect the country's complex history, including a number of different languages, both indigenous and local linguistic descendants of the Roman-imposed Latin language, of which Spanish is the largest and the only one that is official throughout the ...
The Spanish nationality legal framework refers to all the laws, provisions, regulations, and resolutions in Spain concerning nationality.. Article 11 of the First Title of the Spanish Constitution refers to Spanish nationality and establishes that a separate law is to regulate how it is acquired and lost. [1]
Historical regions of Spain can refer to: " Nationalities " (Spanish: nacionalidades ) or "historical nationalities " (Spanish: nacionalidades históricas ), a constitutional term used to refer to autonomous communities in Spain that are granted special status (see nationalities and regions of Spain ).
Nationalities of Spain can refer to: Nationalities and regions of Spain, for constitutional designation of certain subnational political entities; National and regional identity in Spain, for political movements and ideologies; Spanish nationality law; Spaniards or Spanish people, a national term for people from any part of Spain
Spain's history during the nineteenth century was tumultuous, and featured alternating periods of republican-liberal and monarchical rule. The Spanish–American War led to losses of Spanish colonial possessions and a series of military dictatorships, during which King Alfonso XIII was deposed and a new Republican government was formed.
The constitution of Spain of 1978 allowed for the nationalities and regions that make up the Spanish nation to accede to self-government and be constituted as autonomous communities, [1] which became the first-order political and territorial division of the Spanish territory.