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Ontario Minamata disease is a neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning.It occurred in the Canadian province of Ontario, in 1970, and severely affected two First Nation communities in Northwestern Ontario following consumption of local fish contaminated with mercury, and one First Nation in Southern Ontario due to illegal disposal of industrial chemical waste.
Unlike drug treatment facilities, sobering centers are not intended to provide long-term substance use treatment. Rather sobering centers operate as an alternative to the jail or emergency department in the intoxication phase, with a stay less than a few hours as compared to the more traditional 14-90 day drug treatment programs. However ...
R v Daviault [1994] 3 S.C.R. 63, is a Supreme Court of Canada decision on the availability of the defence of intoxication for "general intent" criminal offences. The Leary rule which eliminated the defence was found unconstitutional in violation of both section 7 and 11(d) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
Approximately 3 percent of people who are alcohol dependent experience psychosis during acute intoxication or withdrawal. Alcohol-related psychosis may manifest itself through a kindling mechanism. The mechanism of alcohol-related psychosis is due to distortions to neuronal membranes, gene expression, as well as thiamine deficiency. It is ...
But a reforming justice system is feeding addicts into an unreformed treatment system, one that still carries vestiges of inhumane practices — and prejudices — from more than half a century ago. John Peterson got hooked on heroin in the mid-1950s, soon after returning home to Los Angeles from a stint in the Army.
An additional 237 million men and 46 million women have alcohol use disorder as of 2016. [18] In 2017, substance use disorders from illicit substances directly resulted in 585,000 deaths. [17] Direct deaths from drug use, other than alcohol, have increased over 60 percent from 2000 to 2015. [19]
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Treatment for amphetamines is growing at extremely high rates around the world. [15] Psychostimulants that increase dopamine and mimic the effects of substituted amphetamines, but with lower abuse liability, could theoretically be used as replacement therapy in amphetamine dependence. [ 8 ]