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Hepatitis A is an infectious disease of the liver caused by Hepatovirus A (HAV); [7] it is a type of viral hepatitis. [8] Many cases have few or no symptoms, especially in the young. [ 1 ] The time between infection and symptoms, in those who develop them, is two–six weeks. [ 2 ]
Hepatitis B is mainly sexually transmitted, but may also be passed from mother to baby during pregnancy or childbirth and spread through infected blood. [3] Hepatitis C is commonly spread through infected blood such as may occur during needle sharing by intravenous drug users. [3] Hepatitis D can only infect people already infected with ...
Hepatitis A vaccine is a vaccine that prevents hepatitis A. [2] [3] It is effective in around 95% of cases and lasts for at least twenty years and possibly a person's entire life. [4] If given, two doses are recommended beginning after the age of one. [2] It is given by injection into a muscle. [2]
Up to 80% of liver cancers can be attributed to either hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus. In terms of mortality , the former is second only to smoking among known agents causing cancer . With more widespread implementation of vaccination and strict screening before blood transfusion , lower infection rates are expected in the future.
This abnormal immune response results in inflammation of the liver, which can lead to further symptoms and complications such as fatigue and cirrhosis. [3] The disease is most often diagnosed in patients in their late teens or early 20s and between the ages of 40 and 50. It affects women more commonly than men. [4]
In the 1960s, the first virus that could cause hepatitis was discovered. This was hepatitis B virus, which was named after the disease it causes. [220] Hepatitis A virus was discovered in 1974. [221] The discovery of hepatitis B virus and the invention of tests to detect it have radically changed many medical, and some cosmetic procedures.
Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that primarily affects the liver; [2] it is a type of viral hepatitis. [6] During the initial infection period, people often have mild or no symptoms. [1] Early symptoms can include fever, dark urine, abdominal pain, and yellow tinged skin. [1]
Astrological diagnosis was the least used technique for diagnosing illness. Diagnosis was based on the position of the moon in relation to the constellations, which were associated with different regions of the body (head, arms, chest, etc.). [27] Physicians would diagnose illness with the combined knowledge of zodiac signs and humoral medicine ...