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The Supreme Court of the United States is the only court specifically established by the Constitution of the United States, implemented in 1789; under the Judiciary Act of 1789, the Court was to be composed of six members—though the number of justices has been nine for most of its history, this number is set by Congress, not the Constitution ...
Court historians and other legal scholars consider each chief justice who presides over the Supreme Court of the United States to be the head of an era of the Court. [1] These lists are sorted chronologically by chief justice and include most major cases decided by the court.
This is a partial chronological list of cases decided by the United States Supreme Court during the tenures of Chief Justices John Jay (October 19, 1789 – June 29, 1795), John Rutledge (August 12, 1795 – December 28, 1795), and Oliver Ellsworth (March 8, 1796 – December 15, 1800), respectively the Jay, Rutledge, and Ellsworth Courts.
For cases brought to the Supreme Court by direct appeal from a United States District Court, the chief justice may order the case remanded to the appropriate U.S. Court of Appeals for a final decision there. [218] This has only occurred once in U.S. history, in the case of United States v. Alcoa (1945). [219]
The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. Kermit L. Hall, ed. The Oxford Guide to United States Supreme Court Decisions. Kermit L. Hall, ed. Alley, Robert S. (1999). The Constitution & Religion: Leading Supreme Court Cases on Church and State. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books. ISBN 1-57392-703-1
The first case in which the Supreme Court found men faced sex discrimination. Frontiero v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677 (1973) Sex-based discriminations are inherently suspect. A statute that automatically extends military benefits to the spouses of male members of the uniformed services, but requires the spouses of female members to prove they are ...
As of 2018, the Supreme Court had overruled more than 300 of its own cases. [1] The longest period between the original decision and the overruling decision is 136 years, for the common law Admiralty cases Minturn v.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 24 December 2024. 1857 U.S. Supreme Court case on the citizenship of African-Americans 1857 United States Supreme Court case Dred Scott v. Sandford Supreme Court of the United States Argued February 11–14, 1856 Reargued December 15–18, 1856 Decided March 6, 1857 Full case name Dred Scott v. John F. A ...