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This means the upstream and downstream areas of the molecule may change depending on which gene is used as the reference. The terms upstream and downstream are sometimes also applied to a polypeptide sequence, where upstream refers to a region N-terminal and downstream to residues C-terminal of a reference point.
Upstream extracellular signaling transduce a variety of intracellular cascades. [1] Receptors and ligands are common upstream signaling molecules that dictate the downstream elements of the signal pathway. A plethora of different factors affect which ligands bind to which receptors and the downstream cellular response that they initiate.
Computer science [ edit ] Upstream and Downstream , the notional directions which lie "towards" and "away from" the author of a piece of software, relative to the speaker
The relative positions of structures along strands of nucleic acid, including genes and various protein binding sites, are usually noted as being either upstream (towards the 5′-end) or downstream (towards the 3′-end). (See also upstream and downstream.) Directionality is related to, but different from, sense.
The molecular gene definition is more commonly used across biochemistry, molecular biology, and most of genetics—the gene that is described in terms of DNA sequence. [1] There are many different definitions of this gene—some of which are misleading or incorrect. [5] [10]
Scientists thought that Lake Enigma was frozen from top to bottom. Then they discovered that water—and mysterious lifeforms—existed 11 meters below the surface.
Silencers are DNA sequences found in the 5′ flanking region of eukaryotic genes, assisting in the silencing of a gene. They can be found upstream, downstream, or within the gene of interest. [3] When repressors bind silencers, they act in a similar fashion as enhancers and bend over to prevent the interaction of RNA polymerase with promoters ...
Science & Tech. Sports. Weather. Raiders reportedly request interviews with Lions coordinators, putting Tom Brady's Fox broadcast conflict front and center. Jason Owens. January 8, 2025 at 12:17 PM.