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A retained placenta is a placenta that does not undergo expulsion within a normal time limit. Risks of retained placenta include hemorrhage and infection. If the placenta fails to deliver in 30 minutes in a hospital environment, manual extraction may be required if heavy ongoing bleeding occurs.
If efforts at manual replacement are not successful surgery is required. [1] After the uterus is replaced oxytocin and antibiotics are typically recommended. [1] The placenta can then be removed if it is still attached. [1] Uterine inversion occurs in about 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 10,000 deliveries. [1] [4] Rates are higher in the developing world. [1]
Symptoms generally include heavy bleeding from the vagina that doesn't slow or stop over time. [11] Initially there may be an increased heart rate, feeling faint upon standing, and an increased respiratory rate. [1] As more blood is lost, the patient may feel cold, blood pressure may drop, and they may become unconscious. [1]
After labor it is the contraction of these muscles that physically squeeze the blood vessels so that hemostasis can occur after the delivery of the fetus and the placenta. [1] Local hemostatic factors like tissue factor type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor and platelets and clotting factors aid in stopping the blood flow.
There is a small amount of evidence that rutosides (a herbal remedy) may relieve symptoms of varicose veins in late pregnancy but it is not yet known if rutosides are safe to take in pregnancy. [24] Risk factors include obesity, lengthy standing or sitting, constrictive clothing and constipation and bearing down with bowel movements.
Placental abruption defined as the separation of the placenta from the uterus prior to delivery, is a major cause of third trimester vaginal bleeding and complicates about 1% of pregnancies. [13] [50] Symptomatic presentations are variable: Some women can entirely ignore the symptoms, while others have mild bleeding or abdominal discomfort and ...
Max George has told fans that he is experiencing a strange sensation in his chest after undergoing heart surgery. The Wanted singer, 36, has been sharing health updates with fans as he had a ...
Besides placenta previa and placental abruption, uterine rupture can occur, which is a very serious condition leading to internal or external bleeding. Bleeding from the fetus is rare, but may occur with two conditions called vasa previa and velamentous umbilical cord insertion where the fetal blood vessels lie near the placental insertion site unprotected by Wharton's jelly of the cord. [11]