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Conversions between units in the metric system are defined by their prefixes (for example, 1 kilogram = 1000 grams, 1 milligram = 0.001 grams) and are thus not listed in this article. Exceptions are made if the unit is commonly known by another name (for example, 1 micron = 10 −6 metre).
One slug is a mass equal to 32.17405 lb (14.59390 kg) based on standard gravity, the international foot, and the avoirdupois pound. [3] In other words, at the Earth's surface (in standard gravity), an object with a mass of 1 slug weighs approximately 32.17405 lbf or 143.1173 N. [ 4 ] [ 5 ]
This is convenient because one pound mass exerts one pound force due to gravity. Note, however, unlike the other systems the force unit is not equal to the mass unit multiplied by the acceleration unit [11] —the use of Newton's second law, F = m ⋅ a, requires another factor, g c, usually taken to be 32.174049 (lb⋅ft)/(lbf⋅s 2).
Units for other physical quantities are derived from this set as needed. In English Engineering Units, the pound-mass and the pound-force are distinct base units, and Newton's Second Law of Motion takes the form = where is the acceleration in ft/s 2 and g c = 32.174 lb·ft/(lbf·s 2).
conversion factor/N⋅m combinations Industrial: SI: Newton-metre: Nm N⋅m 1 Nm lbft; Nm lbfft; Non-SI metric: kilogram-metre: kgm kg·m 9.80665 Imperial & US customary: pound-foot: lbft lb⋅ft Pound-inch (lb.in) is also available 1.3558 Scientific: SI: newton metre: Nm N⋅m 1 Nm lbft; Nm lbfft; Non-SI metric: kilogram-force metre: kgf.m kgf ...
A newton is defined as 1 kg⋅m/s 2 (it is a named derived unit defined in terms of the SI base units). [1]: 137 One newton is, therefore, the force needed to accelerate one kilogram of mass at the rate of one metre per second squared in the direction of the applied force.
Engineers in disciplines involving weight loading (force on a structure due to gravity), such as structural engineering, convert the mass of objects like concrete and automobiles (expressed in kilograms) to a force in newtons (by multiplying by some factor around 9.8; 2 significant figures is usually sufficient for such calculations) to derive ...
One kilogram-force, nominal weight of a 1 kg (2.2 lb) object at sea level on Earth [15] 10 N 50 N Average force to break the shell of a chicken egg from a young hen [16] 10 2 N 720 N Average force of human bite, measured at molars [17] 10 3 N kilonewton (kN) 5 kN The force applied by the engine of a small car during peak acceleration [citation ...