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A sieve analysis (or gradation test) is a practice or procedure used in geology, civil engineering, [1] and chemical engineering [2] to assess the particle size distribution (also called gradation) of a granular material by allowing the material to pass through a series of sieves of progressively smaller mesh size and weighing the amount of material that is stopped by each sieve as a fraction ...
Sieve analysis apparatus. Sieve analysis is often used because of its simplicity, cheapness, and ease of interpretation. Methods may be simple shaking of the sample in sieves until the amount retained becomes more or less constant. Alternatively, the sample may be washed through with a non-reacting liquid (usually water) or blown through with ...
Soil gradation is determined by analyzing the results of a sieve analysis or a hydrometer analysis. [4] [5] In a sieve analysis, a coarse-grained soil sample is shaken through a series of woven-wire square-mesh sieves. Each sieve has successively smaller openings so particles larger than the size of each sieve are retained on the sieve.
According to the Unified Soil Classification System, a #4 sieve (4 openings per inch) having 4.75 mm opening size separates sand from gravel and a #200 sieve with an 0.075 mm opening separates sand from silt and clay. According to the British standard, 0.063 mm is the boundary between sand and silt, and 2 mm is the boundary between sand and gravel.
Although such information contains long lists of sieve sizes, in practice sieves are normally used in series in which each member sieve is selected to pass particles approximately 1/ √ 2 smaller in diameter or 1/2 smaller in cross-sectional area than the previous sieve. For example the series 80mm, 63, 40, 31.5, 20, 16, 14, 10, 8, 6.3, 4, 2.8 ...
Sieving is a long-established but still widely used soil analysis technique. In sieving, a known weight of sample material passes through finer sieves. The amount collected on each sieve is weighted to determine the percentage weight in each size fraction. Schematic representation of sieve method
Particle size is a notion introduced for comparing dimensions of solid particles (), liquid particles (), or gaseous particles ().The notion of particle size applies to particles in colloids, in ecology, in granular material (whether airborne or not), and to particles that form a granular material (see also grain size).
AASHTO Soil Classification System (from AASHTO M 145 or ASTM D3282) General Classification Granular Materials (35% or less passing the 0.075 mm (No. 200) sieve)