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In electrochemistry, a salt bridge or ion bridge is an essential laboratory device discovered over 100 years ago. [ 1 ] It contains an electrolyte solution, typically an inert solution, used to connect the oxidation and reduction half-cells of a galvanic cell (voltaic cell), a type of electrochemical cell .
To maintain the salt bridge, His31 will attempt to keep its proton as long as possible. When the salt bridge is disrupted, like in the mutant D70N, the pK a shifts back to a value of 6.9, much closer to that of His31 in the unfolded state. The difference in pK a can be quantified to reflect the salt bridge’s contribution to free energy.
An alternative to a salt bridge is to allow direct contact (and mixing) between the two half-cells, for example in simple electrolysis of water. As electrons flow from one half-cell to the other through an external circuit, a difference in charge is established. If no ionic contact were provided, this charge difference would quickly prevent the ...
Bonding energies are significant, with solution-phase values falling within the same order of magnitude as hydrogen bonds and salt bridges. Similar to these other non-covalent bonds, cation–π interactions play an important role in nature, particularly in protein structure, molecular recognition and enzyme catalysis. The effect has also been ...
The most common method of eliminating the liquid junction potential is to place a salt bridge consisting of a saturated solution of potassium chloride (KCl) and ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3) with lithium acetate (CH 3 COOLi) between the two solutions constituting the junction. When such a bridge is used, the ions in the bridge are present in ...
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The salt bridge typically contains a high concentration of potassium nitrate (a salt that will not interfere chemically with the reaction in either half-cell). In the above wet-cell during discharge, nitrate anions in the salt bridge move into the zinc half-cell in order to balance the increase in Zn 2+ ions.