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Canadian tort law is composed of two parallel systems: a common law framework outside Québec and a civil law framework within Québec, making the law system is bijural, as it is used throughout Canadian provinces except for Québec, which uses private law.
In the Tax Court of Canada, the onus is generally on the taxpayer to prove its case on a balance of probabilities, except in respect of civil penalties where the Canada Revenue Agency carries the burden of proof. Generally, the Minister of National Revenue is represented by specialized tax litigation counsel from the Department of Justice.
These taxes are generally not paid by the employer on the compensation of a worker classified as an independent contractor. Instead, the contractor is responsible for their employer's share of the taxes when paying self-employment taxes at the end of the year. [2] Classification affects whether a worker can receive unemployment benefits.
The Code places a duty on the two sides to meet and negotiate "in good faith and make every reasonable effort to enter into a collective agreement" [s.50 (a) i,ii]. The role of the Canada Labour Relations Board is to interpret the code and to investigate allegations of unfair labour practices and failures to bargain in good faith.
Canada Labour Code, 1967; Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1968–69; Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act, 1970; Consumer Packaging and Labeling Act, 1970; Weights and Measures Act, 1970; Divorce Act, 1968 - replaced by Divorce Act, 1985; Canada Wildlife Act, 1973; National Symbol of Canada Act, 1975; Anti-Inflation Act 1975; Immigration Act, 1976
In Canada, the Federal Contractors' Program (FCP) is administered by Employment and Social Development Canada, an agency of the Canadian federal government.The FCP requires provincially regulated employers with 100 or more employees bidding on federal contracts of $1,000,000 (originally $200,000) or more to certify that they will implement employment equity measures. [1]
Tax information exchange agreements (TIEA) provide for the exchange of information on request relating to a specific criminal or civil tax investigation or civil tax matters under investigation. [1] A model TIEA was developed by the OECD Global Forum Working Group on Effective Exchange of Information.
Legislation administered by the CRA includes the Income Tax Act, parts of the Excise Tax Act, and parts of laws relating to the Canada Pension Plan, employment insurance (EI), tariffs and duties. [5] The agency also oversees the registration of charities in Canada, and enforces much of the country's tax laws. [6]