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  2. Treatment and control groups - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treatment_and_control_groups

    A clinical control group can be a placebo arm or it can involve an old method used to address a clinical outcome when testing a new idea. For example in a study released by the British Medical Journal, in 1995 studying the effects of strict blood pressure control versus more relaxed blood pressure control in diabetic patients, the clinical control group was the diabetic patients that did not ...

  3. Dunnett's test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunnett's_test

    Dunnett's test is performed by computing a Student's t-statistic for each experimental, or treatment, group where the statistic compares the treatment group to a single control group. [8] [9] Since each comparison has the same control in common, the procedure incorporates the dependencies between these comparisons. In particular, the t ...

  4. Random assignment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_assignment

    Random assignment or random placement is an experimental technique for assigning human participants or animal subjects to different groups in an experiment (e.g., a treatment group versus a control group) using randomization, such as by a chance procedure (e.g., flipping a coin) or a random number generator. [1]

  5. Standard treatment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_treatment

    The standard treatment, also known as the standard of care, is the medical treatment that is normally provided to people with a given condition. In many scientific studies, the control group receives the standard treatment rather than a placebo while a treatment group receives the experimental treatment. [ 1 ]

  6. Average treatment effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Average_treatment_effect

    The ATE measures the difference in mean (average) outcomes between units assigned to the treatment and units assigned to the control. In a randomized trial (i.e., an experimental study), the average treatment effect can be estimated from a sample using a comparison in

  7. Solomon four-group design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon_four-group_design

    The effectiveness of the treatment can be evaluated by comparisons between groups 1 and 3 and between groups 2 and 4. [citation needed]. In addition, the effect of the pre-treatment evaluation can be calculated by comparing the control group who received the pre-treatment evaluation with those who did not (groups 2 and 4).

  8. Zelen's design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zelen's_design

    Zelen's design is an experimental design for randomized clinical trials proposed by Harvard School of Public Health statistician Marvin Zelen (1927-2014). In this design, patients are randomized to either the treatment or control group before giving informed consent. Because the group to which a given patient is assigned is known, consent can ...

  9. Local average treatment effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_average_treatment_effect

    In an experimental population, several aspects can be observed: the treated potential outcomes of the always-takers (those who are treated in the control group); the untreated potential outcomes of the never-takers (those who remain untreated in the treatment group); the treated potential outcomes of the always-takers and compliers (those who ...

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