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A pancreatic pseudocyst is a circumscribed collection of fluid rich in pancreatic enzymes, blood, and non-necrotic tissue, typically located in the lesser sac of the abdomen. Pancreatic pseudocysts are usually complications of pancreatitis , [ 5 ] although in children they frequently occur following abdominal trauma .
A pancreatic cyst is a fluid filled sac within the pancreas. The prevalence of pancreatic cysts is 2-15% based on imaging studies, but the prevalence may be as high as 50% based on autopsy series. [1] Most pancreatic cysts are benign and the risk of malignancy (pancreatic cancer) is 0.5-1.5%.
A pseudocyst is a cystic lesion that may appear as a cyst on scans, but lacks epithelial or endothelial cells. [4] An acute pancreatic pseudocyst is made of pancreatic fluids with a wall of fibrous tissue or granulation. [citation needed] Pseudocysts may form in a number of places, including the pancreas, abdomen, adrenal gland, and eye.
Cystogastrostomy is a surgery to create an opening between a pancreatic pseudocyst and the stomach when the cyst is in a suitable position to be drained into the stomach. [1] This conserves pancreatic juices that would otherwise be lost. [2] This surgery is performed by a pancreatic surgeon to avoid a life-threatening rupture of the pancreatic ...
Pancreatic abscess is a late complication of acute necrotizing pancreatitis, occurring more than 4 weeks after the initial attack. A pancreatic abscess is a collection of pus resulting from tissue necrosis, liquefaction, and infection. It is estimated that approximately 3% of the patients with acute pancreatitis will develop an abscess. [1]
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is a type of tumor that can occur within the cells of the pancreatic duct. IPMN tumors produce mucus, [1] and this mucus can form pancreatic cysts. [2] Although intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms are benign tumors, they can progress to pancreatic cancer. [1]
Ultrasonography can be used to visualize pancreatic pseudocysts or aneurysm of the peripancreatic arteries. Doppler ultrasound or dynamic ultrasound has been reported to be diagnostic. Contrast-enhanced CT is an excellent modality for demonstrating the pancreatic pathology and can also demonstrate features of chronic pancreatitis, pseudocysts ...
CT, MRI, abdominal ultrasound or endoscopic ultrasound can be used for diagnosis. Amylase and lipase are 2 enzymes produced by the pancreas. Elevations in lipase are generally considered a better indicator for pancreatitis as it has greater specificity and has a longer half life. [30] However, both enzymes can be elevated in other disease states.