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Guidelines suggest using 300 mg/day for three to four weeks. [10] Dementia and dermatitis show improvement within a week. Because deficiencies of other B-vitamins may be present, the WHO recommends a multi-vitamin in addition to the nicotinamide. [10] Hartnup disease is a hereditary nutritional disorder resulting in niacin deficiency. [28]
While nicotinic acid (niacin) may be used for this purpose, nicotinamide has the benefit of not causing skin flushing. [4] As a cream, it is used to treat acne, and has been observed in clinical studies to improve the appearance of aging skin by reducing hyperpigmentation and redness. [5] [6] It is a water-soluble vitamin. Side effects are minimal.
Pellagra is a disease caused by a lack of the vitamin niacin (vitamin B 3). [2] Symptoms include inflamed skin, diarrhea, dementia, and sores in the mouth. [1] Areas of the skin exposed to friction and radiation are typically affected first. [1] Over time affected skin may become darker, stiffen, peel, or bleed. [1] [3]
[6] [22] [23] Niacin but also nicotinamide are used for prevention and treatment of pellagra, a disease caused by lack of the vitamin. [7] [21] When niacin is used as a medicine to treat elevated cholesterol and triglycerides, daily doses range from 500 to 3,000 mg/day. [24] [25] High-dose nicotinamide does not have this medicinal effect. [21]
Dietary supplements containing all eight are referred to as a vitamin B complex. Individual B vitamins are referred to by B-number or by chemical name, such as B 1 for thiamine , B 2 for riboflavin , and B 3 for niacin , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] while some are more commonly recognized by name than by number, such as pantothenic acid (B 5 ), biotin (B 7 ...
Flushing of skin (associated with niacin (vitamin B3) overdose) Skin disturbances (e.g. dryness, itching, cracking of skin, rashes, increased sensitivity to sun) Changes of hair texture (e.g. thickening and/or clumping of hair) Appetite loss; Constipation (associated with iron or calcium overdose) Nausea and vomiting; Diarrhoea
Inositol nicotinate, also known as inositol hexanicotinate or inositol hexaniacinate, is a compound of niacin (vitamin B3) and inositol. It is marketed in the United States as a "no-flush" form of niacin in dietary supplements.
The three vitamin precursors used in these salvage metabolic pathways are nicotinic acid (NA), nicotinamide (Nam) and nicotinamide riboside (NR). [6] These compounds can be taken up from the diet and are termed vitamin B 3 or niacin. However, these compounds are also produced within cells and by digestion of cellular NAD +.
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